Essay about Steroids in Professional Sports - 976 Words

Steroids in Professional Sports Sports is one of the most popular forms of entertainment we have today. Whether it’s football, basketball, soccer, baseball, etc., fans are willing to pay ridiculous amounts of money in order to watch sports. There are few issues in the world of sports. But there is one issue that stands out, steroids. Although steroids may increase strength, stamina and athleticism, they are incredibly harmful to your body and should never be used. Still, some athletes persist in taking them, knowing that these substances provide a physical advantage. Although this is true, steroids can cause serious physical and psychological side effects. Steroids are simply a derivative of the naturally occurring male anabolic hormone†¦show more content†¦A rookie in the MLB makes 400,000 dollars a year (Goldin). Theses incredible amounts of money are what drive athletes to make it professionally in their sport, and although steroids have many risks, athletes are wi lling to test their luck for a big pay day. The main concern with steroids are the side affects after use. Steroids aren‘t just a â€Å"one and doneâ€Å" type of medication. They have to be used consistently for periods of time in order for an athlete to see results. There can be a whole world of side effects,â€Å" says Dr. Wadler (â€Å"Anabolicâ€Å"). Some are visible to the naked eye and some are internal. Some are physical, others are psychological. With unsupervised steroid use, the effects can be irreversible or undetected until its too late (â€Å"Anabolic†). Steroids are incredibly harmful to the body. The most frightening part is that some of the damage can’t even be detected until it’s too late. In addition to his previous comments, Dr. Wadler also stresses that unlike almost all other drugs, all steroid based hormones have one unique characteristic -- their dangers may not be manifest for months, years and even decades. Therefore, long a fter you gave them up you may develop side effects (â€Å"Anabolic†). There are different side affects that occur depending on the gender of the consumer. Some of the side effects in men include reduced sperm count, impotence, development of breasts, shrinking of the testicles and difficulty or pain while urinating (DeNoon). Some of theShow MoreRelatedThe Use of Steroids in Professional Sports Essay1499 Words   |  6 PagesThe Use of Steroids in Professional Sports They’re among the world’s most controversial drugs. Not Heroin, Ganja, Coke or Crystal Meth, but Anabolic Steroids. Steroids are medical treatments that come in two varieties: Anabolic Steroids and Corticosteroids. These are both synthetic versions of hormones produced naturally in the body but they perform two completely different tasks. Corticosteroids are used by doctors to decrease inflammation. Anabolic Steroids are the familiar term for the syntheticRead MoreThe Use of Steroids is Banned in Professional and Organized Sports533 Words   |  2 PagesFormer NFL superstar and Hall of Famer, Lawrence Taylor once said, â€Å"Steroids are for guys who want to cheat opponents.† The use of steroids is banned in professional and organized sports. Performance enhancing drugs should not be accepted in professional sports. Performance enhancing drugs also known as PED’s, violate rules, give players an unfair advantage, and send a terrible message to young athlet es. There are many types of PED’s but the main two are Lean Mass Builders and Stimulants. Lean massRead MoreEssay about The Use of Steroids in Sports1299 Words   |  6 Pagescharacteristic associated sports. So much attention, time, and money are devoted to sports these days, maybe even too much. Perhaps all the pressure is what has sparked steroid use in sports and stimulated numerous controversies over the subject. The use of steroids is an unfair training method for sports. Unfairness is contrary to laws, marked by deception, and unethical. When the legality, lack of work and advantageousness, and cheating are examined it is easy to see how steroids are extremely unfairRead MoreSteroid Use in Sports1732 Words   |  7 Pagesastonishing ten to fifteen percent of professional athletes use illegal steroids which are also known as performance enhancing drugs. These substances which are banned in professional sports aren’t just any type of steroid or drug. They are ca lled anabolic steroids or performance enhancing drugs, and they are synthetically produced substances of male testosterone hormones. The use of these illegal steroids has garnered a lot of publicity within the world of sports over the past few years. As athletesRead MoreEssay about Steroids in Sports: Right or Wrong?947 Words   |  4 PagesSteroids in Sports, Right or Wrong? â€Å"We have to make some radical move to get the attention of everyone. Cheaters cant win and steroids have put us in the position that its OK to cheat.† (Lou Brock). Steroids in professional sports has became a major issue and has yet to be justified. Steroids boost the intensity of the game and provide the athletes with more agility and skill to play the game, but should it be fair to allow them? This would give some players an advantage in their sport overRead More Steroids in Sports Essay1122 Words   |  5 PagesProfessional sports are very special in the United States. One reason for this is the spirit of competition. However, steroid use taints this competition. If steroids were to be completely eliminated from sports, the competition would be much more special because athletes would compete with their hearts and will, without an extra boost. Also, since not everybody can be a professional athlete, the elimination of steroid use, in my opinion, would make the fans appreciate the game more and make themRead MoreSports Philosophy And Recreation : Anabolic Steroids1430 Words   |  6 PagesSports Philosophy and Recreation Are Anabolic Steroids Important Of Body Building? I will argue no that anabolic steroids are not important for body building because they have great negative effects. The use of anabolic steroids has been discouraged over the years because of their side effects, and they are against the philosophy of sports. The steroids are medicine and protein supplements that aid in the body building. I hugely oppose the notion that anabolic steroid are imperative in buildingRead MoreAnabolic Androgenic Steroids Is A Huge Problem Among Today s Athletes857 Words   |  4 Pages Vidden 14 January 2015 Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Abuse in Professional Sports Anabolic-androgenic steroids are a huge problem amongst today’s athletes. The use of these drugs has been around for many years in sports. Understanding anabolic-androgenic steroids and why people take them is needed in the process of trying to eliminate them from professional sports. Also, players knowing and understanding how the negatives of anabolic-androgenic steroid use outweigh the positives will hopefully helpRead MoreAthletes Should Use Performance Enhancing Drugs941 Words   |  4 Pagesyour choosing? Therefore, this is one of the reasons why I think steroids should be able to be used for anything of the professional athletes choosing.. Due to the amount of people using performance enhancing drugs in pro sports today, most people when they hear â€Å"Steroids† they think of huge men or women with big bulging muscles. Steroids have been used throughout sports in every way in almost every sport. I think that the professional athletes that use performance enhan cing drugs should be able toRead MoreAthletes And Professional Sports Athletes914 Words   |  4 PagesMany professional sports athletes historically took steroids to enhance greatly their overall performance, to furnish them with a reasonable edge against their opposing team. Most of the trained athletes who took or are trying anabolic steroids, do not grasp the additional complications they are taking mentally and physically with on themselves. In that respect there comes consequences with taking steroids, particularly with getting caught, these matters can be a problem for the sports athletes trustworthiness

Film Analysis Essay on Crash (2004) Free Essays

The movie â€Å"Crash† – from director and producer Paul Haggis – pictures one day in the lives of various characters in Los Angeles, all of them from different social and racial backgrounds but nevertheless connected and intertwined throughout the story. The movie’s story is being told in a mostly chronological way, except that it puts one scene to the very beginning of the film and then cuts back to the day prior, indicated by the visual text â€Å"yesterday†. In this first sequence, detectives Graham Waters and his partner Ria have been rearended when they arrive at a crime scene, leading to a fight between Hispanic Ria and the accident responsible, furious Chinese Kim Lee, involving race-related insults towards each other. We will write a custom essay sample on Film Analysis Essay on Crash (2004) or any similar topic only for you Order Now Breaking through the temporal order and showing everything that has happened prior to this fight gives the explanation why Kim Lee is so furious and why she was in such a hurry, as her husband is in hospital for being run over by a car. This strategy of playing with the viewer’s opinion and sympathy about the single characters is one that is central for the movie. Therefore a lot of prejudices are implicitly and explicitly presented through the narrative and the movie’s surface. Anthony and Peter for example are being pictured as two young adolescents just leaving a diner and discussing the (non-)discriminating treatment of the waitress. In Anthony’s opinion even other black people are racist towards Afro-Americans and that white people are scared of them although they are not even dressed like â€Å"gang-bangers†. This gives the impression of young people being worried and angry about ungrounded racial discrimination. Then the dialogue suddenly changes, both of them pull a gun and they steal the car from Rick and Jean Cabot – the two white people they just accused of having prejudices about them – leaving the viewer with a sudden change in the characterization they were given before. The movie continues like this when it shows the Hispanic locksmith Daniel Ruiz – mean-looking, tattooed and with a shaved head. Jean Cabot’s assumption about him being a Gang member who will sell the keys to their house as soon as he is out the door is consistent with his outward appearance. It is not until later in the movie, when he arrives at home taking loving care of his daughter, that the first impression is negated and turned into the opposite. Most of the characters in Crash turn out to be different than the first picture that is drawn of them all the time turning the story towards unanticipated events and revealing important information bout character backgrounds. Beyond that, it is important mentioning the complex net of connections and entanglements that occur between the characters and their stories and events. There is Jean Corbet, accusing her locksmith Daniel Ruiz of being a gang member, whose daughter is almost shot by the Persian shop owner Farhad, whose daughter works in the mortuary where Detective Graham Waters dead brother is identified as Peter, who stole Jean Corbets car, making her change the locks in her house in the first place. This list of connections could be continued with for another while, as there are more characters involved with even more links between them. This motive of connection is also shown by the cuts from one scene to the next via an audible and/or a visual connection. For instance when Ria storms out of Graham Waters apartment and slams the door after her, the film cuts to Officer John Ryan lying in his bed – suddenly being woken up by his Crash – 2004 Identity and Diversity in American Film Miriam Keller – 05/30/2012 Miriam Keller – 05/30/2012 groaning father. To the viewer it looks like he is wakes up from the slamming door, although there is no diegetic connection. Another example is the cut from Anthony and Peter just having stolen the black navigator, to the crime scene of the shooting between two drivers. As the car with Anthony and Peter drives through the picture it cuts to a police car passing by in exactly the same camera-shot and revealing the crime scene behind it. Match-cuts like this are a reoccurring stylistic element, emphasizing the just specified net of entanglements. The central topic of racism and prejudices in the movie Crash is shown from various different angles, pointing at the complexity of this issue. It states that nothing and no one can be easily characterized and the importance of looking at the bigger picture instead of pigeonholing someone. All the different characters with their intertwined stories make it clear that everyone is connected and the range of influence of one person’s behavior is further than one would expect. How to cite Film Analysis Essay on Crash (2004), Essay examples

Riverina Agriculture and Lifestyle Show Analysis Report

Question: Discuss about the Riverina Agriculture and Lifestyle Showfor Analysis Report. Answer: Introduction The aim of the report is to present a new project as Riverina Agriculture and Lifestyle Show (RALS) project. The task of the report is to analyze the entire project with description, scopes, objectives, and risk management processes. The essential focus of this venture is to use sensible techniques for the progression of the rostering system for the RALS volunteers (Baskerville and Trevor Wood-Harper 2016). As per the needed aftereffect of the venture, a rostering system including the commitments, gather assignments and venture activity game plans are given in this venture report. Advanced business associations are continually hoping to pick up the high ground in the worldwide market in the present business set up (Bryant 2016). Once more, a specific venture has a great deal of constraints and every one of the deliverables expected after the end of the venture can't be the final results of the venture. Description of the Project Riverina Agriculture and Lifestyle Show (RALS) will enroll different volunteers for driving unmistakable errands for the show up and in this manner; it requires a rostering structure that will be used for securing the information and inconspicuous components of the volunteers furthermore the obligations that will give the volunteers (Burke 2013). The essential focus of this venture is to use sensible techniques for the progression of the rostering system for the RALS volunteers. Another objective of this venture is to arrange the volunteers as demonstrated by their field of work and delegate them into specific working gatherings (Chia 2013). The made rostering structure will have the ability to recognize and store basic data of the volunteers, for instance, name, contact information, part in the venture, bunch, academic records, parent office, data, time, supper assignment and others (Gardiner 2013). As per the needed aftereffect of the venture, a rostering system including the commi tments, gather assignments and venture activity game plans are given in this venture report. Project Context Advanced business associations are continually hoping to pick up the high ground in the worldwide market in the present business set up. With the assistance of innovation, new frameworks are being produced that are being focused to enhance the business productivity of the association (Grefen, Pernici and Sanchez 2012). In any case, as in any venture, a great deal of changes are required in the current set up of the association with a specific end goal to consolidate the progressions planned and actualized through the venture. Once more, a specific venture has a great deal of constraints and every one of the deliverables expected after the end of the venture cannot be the final results of the venture (Haifeng 2012). In this report, the planning has been created with the end goal of outlining and executing a data framework for the business association. Outline of the Project RALS project organization is continually hoping to pick up the high ground in the worldwide market in the present business set up. With the assistance of innovation, new frameworks are being created that are being focused to enhance the business productivity of the association (Heagney 2012). A data framework gives significantly more effective and exact method for overseeing business and also correspondence setup between the organization workers and the clients. Besides, most recent specialized setup implies the organization can be more aggressive in the worldwide market against its adversary organizations. Subsequently, data framework is an imperative part of the business instance of an association. This venture is intended to build up a data framework for a business association (Heldman 2013). Notwithstanding, as in any venture, a considerable measure of changes are required in the current set up of the association keeping in mind the end goal to fuse the progressions outlined and actualized through the venture. Once more, a specific venture has a great deal of restrictions and every one of the deliverables expected after the end of the venture cannot be the final results of the venture (Kerzner 2013). For the deliverables that was not possible, a different venture is important. Henceforth, a few deliverables are in-degree and others are out of extent of the venture. There are additionally various dangers connected with the venture. These dangers undermine to stop the whole venture, as well as postures genuine dangers to the business operations of the organization (Leach 2014). Dissecting all the vital variables, it can be suggested that in spite of the fact that data framework is a critical prerequisite for all business associations nowadays, it likewise contains various dangers and issues that must be relieved with a specific end goal to guarantee accomplishment of the data framework. In this venture report, a project planning was created with the end goal of planning and executing a data framework for the business association. Project Objectives All the organizations as RALS require the most recent specialized setup to rival the opponent associations in the present day worldwide market. The most reasonable setup for the business associations is Information System that permits the business associations to construct the most recent specialized frameworks including PC equipment types and programming projects, incites correspondence setup, effective treatment of business information and numerous others (Linzalone and Schiuma 2015). A data framework gives a great deal more productive and exact method for overseeing business and in addition correspondence setup between the organization workers and the clients. In addition, most recent specialized setup implies the organization can be more aggressive in the worldwide market against its opponent organizations (Marchewka 2014). Subsequently, data framework is a vital part of the business instance of an association. The project scope includes the accompanying. The specialized setup accessible can be redesigned. The general correspondence framework inside the organization can be redesigned and further upgraded. The business association can be made more aggressive in the worldwide market. The information administration and business information estimation frameworks can be made more precise and effective. Overall difficult work for the administration of the business framework can be diminished by a noteworthy edge. These angles are inside the extent of the venture. Taking after the necessities of the business association and dissecting the business case, the venture deliverables have been chosen for which, appropriate assets will be required with a specific end goal to execute the venture effectively (Myers 2014). The accompanying is out of scope for the project. The preparing and administration of representatives in the new data framework is out of extent of this venture. The changes in business techniques of the organization because of the new data framework are out of extent of the venture. The business operations of the organization are out of extent of this venture. In any venture, a considerable measure of changes are required in the current set up of the association with a specific end goal to join the progressions planned and actualized through the venture (Nixon, Harrington and Parker 2012). In any case, a specific venture has a ton of confinements and every one of the deliverables expected after the end of the venture cant be the final results of the venture. For the deliverables that was not possible, a different venture is important (Pritchard 2013). Thus, a few deliverables are in-degree and others are out of extent of the venture. The project objectives are put as the following. To execute most recent specialized redesigns in the current business set up of the organization To execute an appropriate data framework for the organization To introduce and execute an information stockroom for the business information administration To set up a reasonable correspondence framework utilizing the actualized data framework To introduce state-of-the-art and authorized programming projects for the new data arrangement of the organization These targets are inside the extent of the venture and can be called as the deliverables that can be effectively met toward the end of the venture. Scheduling Resources and Costs The resource plan is as follows. Deliverable Resource Information System Hardware Hardwares like Computer, CPU, Printers, Telephones Information System Software Windows, Internet Access System Security Firewalls, Anti-Virus Big Data Warehouse Big Data Vendor Subscription, System Configuration Business Portal Programmable Language like C or JAVA Communication System Telephones, Subscriptions in Social Media Employee Training Information System Training Setup The estimation plan according to the milestones of the project is as follows. Milestone Estimated Resource Needed Information System Hardware $500,000 Information System Software $200,000 System Security $100,000 Big Data Warehouse $50,000 Business Portal $10,000 Communication System $15,000 Employee Training $10,000 Project Importance In this report, the planning has been created with the end goal of outlining and executing a data framework for the business association. With the assistance of innovation, new frameworks are being created that are being focused to enhance the business productivity of the association (Schwalbe 2015). Subsequently, data framework is an imperative part of the business instance of an association. This venture is intended to build up a data framework for a business association. Once more, a specific venture has a great deal of restrictions and every one of the deliverables expected after the end of the venture can't be the final results of the venture. There are additionally various dangers connected with the venture (Tan, Lloyd and Evans 2012). These dangers undermine to stop the whole venture, as well as postures genuine dangers to the business operations of the organization. Project Management Tools, Concepts and Techniques Risk Management There are various dangers connected with the venture. These dangers undermine to stop the whole venture, as well as stances genuine dangers to the business operations of the organization (Verzuh 2015). Some of these dangers are talked about beneath. Defective Hardware: The fittings bought and introduced for use in the proposed data framework may be broken. The flaws in durable goods may not be unmistakable but rather when the framework is started, the durable goods will neglect to work in any deficiencies are there in them. This will bring about more undesirable costs. Lack of Budget: The general spending plan for the venture would not be adequate even after assets are given by evaluated spending plan. Absence of assets will bring about inadequate works or establishments of vital frameworks or equipment types (Walker 2015). This will at last outcome in disappointment of the general venture. Security Threats and Risks: Cyber security dangers are the most perilous and normal dangers to any data framework. Web application based computerized assaults are to an extraordinary degree ordinary in all data frameworks all through the world (Burke 2013). A broad number of customers have fallen prey to these assaults in the latest couple of years. There is no specific concentration of these assaults. Or maybe, the engineers of these sorts of assaults concentrate on a mass gathering of ordinary residents. This is because; basically making one pernicious association actually impacts innumerable around the globe (Pritchard 2013; Verzuh 2015). These assaults happen wherever on the world. The malevolent associations are moved in different destinations and at whatever point a customer opens the association, his PC gets polluted. This process has outcome in disease of the whole data arrangement of the organization. Once more, Ransom ware is the most perilous web application based advanced attack of all (Linzalone and Schiuma 2015). Once a ransom ware corrupts the record and coordinators, nothing can extra or takes them back to one of a kind. Ransom wares defile a game plan of some considerable business affiliations or business ranges, expeditiously apply strong and unbreakable encryption on some private and basic records and a while later demand that the customer pay a giant measure of result remembering the ultimate objective to get unscrambling of the reports. Lack of experience for existing employees: This is another hazard in the venture however much lesser in power. The majority of the current representatives of the business association are unaccustomed to the most recent overhauled data framework and henceforth, they will think that it is difficult to adapt up to the new framework (Grefen, Pernici and Sanchez 2012). This will bring about loss of labor for noteworthy measure of time. Project Performance Management Managerial Processes Strategies to Monitor and Control Unethical Employee Activities using Office Internet Connection For monitoring the exercises of the workers, some reconnaissance gadgets ought to be introduced (Baskerville and Trevor Wood-Harper 2016). This incorporates establishment of CCTV cameras in the work desk areas of the representatives, get to following programming for observing the locales got to by the worker from the workplace framework and others. Unauthorized Access by Internal Employees A standout amongst the most imperative issues in the inner digital dangers of an information system is the unapproved access of secret documents by the representatives (Haifeng 2012). There are an extensive number of reported situations where the workers attempted to get to confined documents by utilizing hacking, phishing and different methods. So as to battle this issue, solid encryption systems are to be utilized. The organization can utilize encryption specialists with a specific end goal to actualize to a great degree solid encryptions to the classified records and reports (Leach 2014). Notwithstanding this, an alert framework can be set up that will raise caution in the event that anybody tries to get to these secret records. Accidental Threat (Malicious Websites, Links, Mails) There are many instances of malicious infections of the information systems because of unplanned tapping on vindictive connections by the workers (Gardiner 2013; Chia 2013). These cases happen when some vindictive connections show up in the web locales, messages, download connections and others and a worker inadvertently taps on them without realizing that his framework has been contaminated instantly. Conclusion From the general report, it can be inferred that in spite of the fact that data framework is a vital necessity for all business associations nowadays, it likewise contains various dangers and issues that must be alleviated so as to guarantee achievement of the data framework. There are various dangers connected with the data framework. These dangers debilitate to stop the whole venture, as well as postures genuine dangers to the business operations of the organization. Digital security dangers are the most unsafe and basic dangers to any data framework. Web application based computerized assaults are to an extraordinary degree ordinary in all data frameworks all through the world. A broad number of customers have fallen prey to these assaults in the latest couple of years. The course of action of the issues will be moved toward both symptomatically and all around that truly matters. Firstly, the necessities are to be examined to get a handle on the correct deliverables for the wander . Moreover, a synthesis outline must be driven. For this situation, the present works in context of data frameworks must be poor down to see the perfect conditions besides hazards for the wander. Thirdly, a sensibility test must be coordinated to know whether the deliverables are achievable for the business association or not. At long last, the wander must be driven by progress organize recalling the genuine target to approach towards an indisputable course of action. References Baskerville, R. L., and Trevor Wood-Harper, A., 2016. "A critical perspective on action research as a method for information systems research."Enacting Research Methods in Information Systems: Volume 2. Springer International Publishing, 169-190. Bryant, R. G.,2016. The Relationship of Management Support, Cash Incentives, Non-Cash Incentives, and Project Leadership to Project Success in Information Technology Organizations. Diss. NORTHCENTRAL UNIVERSITY. Burke, R., 2013. "Project management: planning and control techniques."New Jersey, USA. Chia, R., 2013. "Paradigms and perspectives in organizational project management research: implications for knowledge creation."Novel Approaches to Organizational Project Management Research: Translational and Transformational. Copenhagen Business School Press, Copenhagen: 33-55. Gardiner, P., 2013. "Moving from Project Management to Project Leadership: A Practical Guide to Leading Groups."Construction Management and Economics31.7: 792-793. Grefen, P., Pernici, B., and Snchez, G., eds., 2012. Database support for workflow management: the WIDE project. Vol. 491. Springer Science and Business Media, 2012. Haifeng, L. I., 2012. "Project evaluation method based on matter-element and hierarchy model."TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control)10.3. Heagney, J., 2012. Fundamentals of project management. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. Heldman, K., 2013. PMP: project management professional exam study guide. John Wiley and Sons. Kerzner, H. R., 2013. Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley and Sons. Leach, L. P., 2014. Critical chain project management. Artech House. Linzalone, R., and Schiuma, G., 2015. "A review of program and project evaluation models."Measuring Business Excellence: 90-99. Marchewka, J. T., 2014. Information technology project management. John Wiley and Sons. Myers, B., 2014. "Post-project evaluation of the sustainability of development project outcomes: a case study in eastern Indonesia."Development in Practice: 379-389. Nixon, P., Harrington, M., and Parker, D., 2012. "Leadership performance is significant to project success or failure: a critical analysis."International Journal of productivity and performance management: 204-216. Pritchard, C., 2013. The project management communications toolkit. Artech House. Schwalbe, K., 2015. Information technology project management. Cengage Learning. Tan, F., Lloyd, B., and Evans, C., 2012. Guide to project evaluation: part 4: project evaluation data. No. AGPE04/12. Verzuh, E., 2015. The fast forward MBA in project management. John Wiley and Sons. Walker, A., 2015. Project management in construction. John Wiley and Sons.

The Life And Death Of Tupac Shakur free essay sample

Essay, Research Paper Tupac Shakur was born in New York City. His female parent # 8217 ; s name was Afeni Skakur. She was a member of the Black Panther Party. She was pregnant with him while in prison for bombardment charges. Tupac comes from the Incas significance reflecting snake and Shakur is Arabic intending # 8220 ; thankfull to god # 8221 ; . In 1986 the Skakur household moved to Baltimore. In Baltimore Tupac enrolled in the Baltimore School for Arts. At this school he writes his first blame vocal under the name MC New York. Then in June of 1988 the Shakur # 8217 ; s moved to Marin City California. Shortly after traveling to Marin City Tupac moved in with a neighbour. This is when he starts selling drugs. In Augest of 1988 Tupac # 8217 ; s measure pa Mutulu Shakur is sentenced to 60 old ages in gaol for his engagement in a 1981 armored-car robbery. Tupac eventually stops selling drugs. In 1990 he joins a blame group called the Digital Underground. We will write a custom essay sample on The Life And Death Of Tupac Shakur or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He joins the group as a roadie, terpsichorean and rapper. Tupac is a large hit wit the group and he get down to work on his solo album. In 1991 he eventually achieves single acknowledgment wit his first solo album titled # 8220 ; 2PACALYPSE NOW # 8221 ; .The most successful paths of this album were # 8220 ; Trapped # 8221 ; and # 8220 ; Brenda # 8217 ; Got A Baby # 8221 ; . These two paths showed that Tupac had a soft side. In 1992 Shakur made his film introduction in # 8220 ; Juice # 8221 ; .And so in 1993 Tupac stared in his 2nd film # 8220 ; Poetic Justice # 8221 ; . This film besides starred Janet Jackson. After the film Poetic Justice Tupac was eventually acquiring recognized around the universe as a film star non merely a mobster rapper. In 1994 Tupac made another album called # 8220 ; Thug Life # 8221 ; . This was non a solo album he worked wit rappers Syce, Mopreme, and The Rated R. This album showed that he was a West-side mobster non an East-side mobster no more. In the same twelvemonth of the release of the album he starred in another film called # 8220 ; Above the Rim # 8221 ; . In November of 1994 Shakur # 8217 ; s New York sex assault test is opened. In the same month while coming out of a Ill-famed B.I.G picture shoot Tupac was shot in an evident robbery effort outside the music studio. Tupac blamed the shot on the Notorious B.I.G. Just one twenty-four hours after the hiting Tupac was convicted of sexually mistreating a adult females he had invited to his hotel room. He was besides charged with sodomy and arms charges. In 1995 he released his 2nd solo album called # 8220 ; Me Against The World # 8221 ; this was a multi-million-selling album. In February of 1995 he was sentenced in New York to four and a half old ages in gaol for sexually maltreatment. In May of 1995 Shakur long clip girlfriend Keisha Morris. In October of 1995 Shakur is released from gaol on bond after functioning 8 months. In 1996 Shakur released another album # 8220 ; All Eyess On Me # 8221 ; . This album debuted on the Billboard charts as figure 1.It went on to sell about 5 million transcripts. The vocals # 8220 ; How Do You Desire It # 8221 ; and California Love # 8221 ; were on the top 10 Billboard Charts for months. Then in October he starred in another film called # 8220 ; Gang Related # 8221 ; . On September 10 of 1996 Shakur was on his manner to a nine called 667 when he was shot. his record manufacturer Suge Knight merely got a caput graze. Then on September 13 Shakur was pronounced dead at 4:03 autopsy. Not much was known about the decease of Tupac. The bulls neer found the individual who killed him but they think a member of a rival pack called the Crips did it. After Tupac # 8217 ; s decease many of his fans couldn # 8217 ; t except his decease so they started rumours of him forging his on decease. Just a few months subsequently another one of his albums came out. It was called # 8220 ; R U Still Down # 8221 ; . Tupac neer had a opportunity to acquire rid of his thug image. He died at the age of 25. Many people think he could of restarted the Black Panthers. Tupac was a really originative adult male. Here is on of his verse forms: by Tupac Shakur Today is filled with choler, fueled with concealed hatred. Scared of being outkast, afraid of common destiny. Today is build on calamities which no 1 want # 8217 ; s to face. Nightmares to humanity and morally disgraced. Tonight is filled with Rage, force in the air. Childs bred with pitilessness cause no 1 at place attentions. Tonight I lay my caput down but the force per unit area neer stops, cognizing that my saneness content when I # 8217 ; m droped. But tomorrow I see alteration, a opportunity to construct a new, physique on spirit purpose of bosom and thoughts based on truth. Tomorrow I wake with 2nd air current and strong because of pride. I know I fought with all my bosom to maintain the dream alive. by jay12321 @ aol.com

David Pham Tran Essays (1374 words) - Fiction, Rhetorical Techniques

David Pham Tran Essays (1374 words) - Fiction, Rhetorical Techniques David Pham Tran AP Lit How to Read Literature Like a Professor Every Trip Is a Quest (Except When It's Not) Chapter one talks about the 5 most important concepts in literature. The first concept is a quester, the main character of the story, who will have to go through challenges through out the story. The second concept is a destination for the quester to travel to. In order start a journey; the quester is required to have a reason to go, which is the third concept. While traveling to the destination, the quester will have to go through challenges and trials, which would be the fourth concept. Finally, the fifth concept is the real reason behind the quest. The real reason is always about self-knowledge and it never relates to the stated reason. The quester can only realize this after they completed the quest. Nice to Eat With You: Acts of Communion This chapter talks about how every meal scenes in literature represents communions. Communion may often relate to religious beliefs but in literature communion doesn't always have to relate to religion. Often eating scene is very uninteresting; therefore, the writer would have to create interesting situations and compelling interactions between the characters during the scene. These scenes are very hard to write in literature but they are also very important because they present important components of the story to the readers. For example, meal scenes can show the plot; themes; and conflicts and relationship between the characters. A meal might seem like a very boring scene to include in a story but it can have a positive or negative connotation behind, depends on the conversation. Nice to Eat You: Acts of Vampires This Chapter talks about how writers sublimate the evil and darker side of human through scary stories and monsters, such as ghosts, werewolves, and especially vampires. This method is most commonly used during the 19th century, in the work of Victorian writers such as Stevenson, Dickens, Stoker, J. S. Le Fanu, and Henry James. During this time, sex and sexuality were considered taboo subjects in literature so these writers found away around it through horror stories. The writers also criticize society through their symbolical horror stories. Vampires represent the selfishness in every person because Dracula and vampires exploit others to survive. Horror stories are never meant to scare the audience or to talk about the monsters, it's actually about the writer's criticism of society. Now, Where Have I Seen Her Before? According to this chapter, there is never an entirely original work in literature. Stories and poems always build on one each other; therefore there is always a connection between works from different writers to one another. Just like art, writers get their inspiration from other works and create their own piece. This chapter also suggests that in order to excel our understanding of a novel, we have to find connections and connect it to other works. We would have a better experience and see the different sublimations and layers in the work. There is always a relationship between literature works. Beginning readers might be at a disadvantage at connecting literature compare to professors, but it is easier when knowing that the relationship is there. It's More Than Just Rain or Snow This chapter talks about how the weather doesn't just describe the setting of the story but it also has a deeper meaning to it. Snow, sun, warmth, and rain can be used as symbolism, foreshadowing, and other plot device. Rain can mean many things such as misery, isolation or unification. Rain can also bring back life, for instant, spring came after the rain and flood in Noah. Rain also represents cleansing as the water washes all the dirt away. Fog can also represent mystery and misery. Snow has both negative and positive meanings. Snow can mean death, filthy or joy, playful, and inviting. In literature, what weather symbolizes depends on the writer because the writer has the power to make it negative or positive. Is That a Symbol? According to this chapter, a symbol could probably be anything if you really analyze it. Sometimes readers confuse symbols with allegories because they are similar. An allegory only stand for one other thing, "one-for-one", while a

Accounting for Research and Development Deals Activities

The accounting for research and development deals with activities that improves the processes and product. The terms of research and development is used in the standard with the following meaning. Research is the planned and the original investigation, which is undertaken by the entity to gain technical and scientific knowledge and understanding. On the other hand, development is the application of the knowledge gained or using the finding from the research for producing improved or new product, processes, services and material. The development is undertaken prior to the commencement of the usage and commercial production. The activities encompassed in the research and development is difficult to identify (Barge-Gil & Là ³pez, 2014).    The definition provided assist the reporting entities in classifying their activities under the research and development. The distinction of the activities are based on the organization types, types of the project undertaken and the types of business. The medium sized firm had confusion about the formal definition of Research and development while the small firms understood the concept of R & D in an informal way. The FRS – 13 deals with the accounting for the activities related to the research and development. The activities related to research and development are distinguished from those activities that are non-research based because of the absence and presence of ‘appreciable elements of innovation’ (Bebbington et al., 2014). The core accounting rule in the area of research and development are the expenditures that is to be charged as an expense when incurred. The expenditure, which is incurred on research, is not directly related to the future economic benefits and capitalizing the ‘cost that does not comply with the accrual concept’. The expenditure related to the research, development is written off to the account of profit and loss, and this is because the expenditure on the research does not provide the entity with the direct future economic benefits. The expenditure on the development cost has to be written off as the expense incurred to the profit and loss account. However, there is the option of deferring the expenditure incurred in development and it can be carried out as the intangible assets on the entity meeting some criteria. The research and the development costs are need to be separated in order to achieve the reasonable degree of comparability between the accounting period of the same entity and between the entities (Bowen et al., 2013). For sustaining the dynamic economy of New Zealand, the research and development is an important concept. The socio economic issues of New Zealand is addressed sing the accounting for R & D. The literature review is provided on the expenses relating to R & D. The harmonization in the accounting treatment of the research and development is unlikely to happen. The capitalization of R & D has always remain a controversial issue. The revised International accounting standard 38 make the distinction between the development and the research phase. The expenditure of carrying out research should be treated as an expense (Deegan, 2013). A reporting entity cannot demonstrate during the research phase of the project that whether the intangible assets are capable of generating the probable future economic benefits or not. The expenditure on research should be recognize as expense and there is the need to recognize the assets arising from the research. The intangible assets needs to be recognized in the development phase if the entity is able to demonstrate the ability to sell or use the assets. The entity also needs to demonstrate the whether the intangible assets are technical feasible for using or selling purpose. The ability to measure the expenditure related to the development to of the intangible assets should also needs to be demonstrated. The treatment of research and accounting provides for the flexibility between the choice of capitalizing and expensing. As a result of which, the companies that are more leveraged are encouraged to activate their cost related to R & D rather than expensing them. The managers ar e motivated to prevail such accounting decisions over the other. It is argued that the high debt level forces the company to capitalize on the expenditure of R & D. The choice available to the company because of this decreases the debt ratio and increases the accounting profit. The firms are encouraged to make the accounting decisions that are income increasing (Daske et al., 2013). The accounting for research and development has the implication on commercial environment in terms of the accountability initiatives. The development and the research makes the strategic focus rather than the university accounting and the professional curricula. The developments provide the platform for the wider interest of public and this improves the relevance of the information to enhance the process of decision-making. The various business leaders and the accounting profession has embraced different types of corporate reporting. This is known as the integrated reporting. The research and development would enrich the appreciation and understanding of the accounting academics of New Zealand for the achievements and efforts of the early builder sin the accounting field (Dinh et al., 2015). The basic issue concerning the accounting for research and development is the expenditure. The expenditure associated with the research and development is that there is no certainty in the future benefits and it makes it difficult to treat and record the expenditure as an asset. Because of this, the GAAP has made it mandatory to charge the expenditure as an expense incurred. However, this cannot be regarded as entirely pervasive as there are some limitations to it (Mynatt & Schroeder, 2012). The current tax treatment about research and development is uncertain. The measures of taxation does not have anything to address the uncertainty. The uncertainty over the treatment of taxation of research and development is not addressed sing the current measures. The main area of concern is the revenue and capital R & D expenditure. The ambiguity in the treatment of taxes comes from whether the cost are classified as capital or revenue. If the taxpayer has enduring benefit, then the cost is classified as expenditure and otherwise it is classified as the revenue expenditures. It is not clear in the tax law of New Zealand when the expenditure related to the R & D is immediately deductible and when the expenditures are not immediately deductible. This comes with the risk of disputes that are potential in nature. This risk of disputes exist with the Inland Revenue. When the taxes are underpaid, this comes with the risk of use of money interest and penalties (Healy & Palepu, 2012). The method of accrual accounting in New Zealand is faced with a number of issues. The reporting entity encounters with a number of issues when they intend to correctly identify the cost related to the research and development. The accounting treatment of the cost for the purpose of tax is also the major issue faced by the reporting entity. The financial reporting standard relies on the accounting treatment for the amortization of the development expenditure at the end of the process of research and development. The development of the New Zealand equivalent to the IFRS for the purpose of application by the entities of New Zealand. This would also include references to the regulatory environment. The harmonization of the financial reporting standard by liaising with the Australian accounting standard Board. There are also new development in the business environment (www.ifrs.org, 2016). The tax rule concerning the research and development is about the cashing out off the losses from taxes. The companies building the service or product would make the expense until the development of the product and it will make losses until the revenue is being generated. The losses attributable to the development would be carried forward to the next year when the company starts making profit by selling the developed products. The changes allows the tax loss due to research and development to cash out their loss, which arises from the expenditure of the research, and development. The new development focuses on the newly started companies who are engaged in the intensive research and development. This is intended to reduce the exposure of the startups to the market failure and the distortion in the taxes, which arises for the treatment of the losses attributing from taxes in the current scenario (Kelsey, 2015). Expenditure accruing to certain types of expenditures are not included in the measurement and the cost that are claimed by the company must be related to the research and development. The cost might include office cost relating to R & D, wages, salaries and the contractors cost. It also include the depreciation of the assets that are solely used for the purpose of research and development. The newly developed regime allows cash out losses. However, there are some limits imposed by the regime. The cost related to the research and development shall comprise of all the activities that are directly attributable to the activities undertaken under the research and development.   The cost needs to be allocated to such activities on a reasonable basis. The research and development costs between the entities should be separated to make a reasonable degree of comparability. The distinction should be made between the development cost and research cost. The proposal is to address the uncertainty by clarifying the revenue or capital boundary. This is done by allowing the taxpayers to follow such accounting treatment where the expenditure related to the R & D is immediately written off for accounting. This will immediately deducted for the taxation purpose. Any types of expenses incurred in undertaking and carrying out the research are deductible immediately for the taxation purpose. There are some criteria for the treatment of the expenditure on development and this decides whether it will be immediately deductible or not. This will provide the payers of taxes with more certainty and the result would be the fewer disputed between the Inland Revenue and the taxpayers. This will help the businesses to focus less on the tax affairs and enable them to concentrate on their businesses (Knechel et al., 2012). The adoption of International reporting standard in New Zealand has reassessed the role of financial reporting standard board (FRSB). The FRSB needs to add material, which would describe the applicability and the scope of the standard in New Zealand. Some of the arguments can be made about the future developments. Due to the cost incurred in the research and development, the economic benefits are expected to flow to the entity; therefore, it can be argued that rather than treating the cost as an expense, it should be treated as assets. This is so because it is align with the assets definition prescribed by the International accounting standard framework for the preparation and the presentation of the financial statements and with the statements of principles. There is a need to provide accountants in New Zealand with more information so that the situation is clarified. The development and the adoption to the international reporting standard will make possible the comparability and th e universality of the accounting treatment of the research and development internationally and regionally (Samkin & Deegan, 2012). The accounting standard board of New Zealand issues the accounting standard in New Zealand. The profit entities reports under the International financial reporting standard (IFRS) of New Zealand. These are the standards developed by the accounting standard board of New Zealand. The External reporting board does the approval of these standards. The entities are adapting their financial function as per the standard to achieve the efficiency for long term and met the requirement of the standards. The entities, which are currently reporting under the old GAAP, will need to be adapt to the New Zealand International financial reporting standard. However, the International financial reporting standard of New Zealand and International financial reporting standard are different (Naranjo et al., 2015). The former also deals with the domestic standards and this deal with the areas that are not dealt under the IFRS. The transitional requirements of both the standard are different (Nobes 2014).The framework of accounting standard at the current scenario is implemented in three stages. In the first stage, the entities which mainly involves changes to the profit entities accounting standard. The second stage involves changes for public entities. Thirdly, the changes to the accounting standard of the profit and public entities. The companies that is the reporting entities are significantly affected by the accounting of the research and development. However, it is more confined to the entities engaged in the research and development. The purpose of the report is to provide the insight into the accounting for the research and development in New Zealand. There are some gaps as per the literature review. The analysis presented in the reports suggest that the financial reporting regime of the international accounting standard is viable and is an alternative to the existing financial regime of New Zealand. Adopting to the International Financial reporting standards would provide the country with the long-term net benefits. The country should adopt to the IFRS in a manner, which would preserve their commitment to such financial reporting standard, which is sector neutral for New Zealand. New Zealand should look forward to ensure the high standing in the long term and should not be complacent. The country can be an important contributor in the development of the internationally accepted financial reporting in the accounting of research and development. Barge-Gil, A., & Là ³pez, A. (2014). R&D determinants: Accounting for the differences between research and development.  research Policy,  43(9), 1634-1648. Bebbington, J., Unerman, J., & O'Dwyer, B. (2014).  Sustainability accounting and accountability. Routledge. Bowen, R. M., Jollineau, J., & Margheim, L. (2013). Corporation's Intellectual Property: Accounting For Research And Development Under US GAAP Versus IFRS.  Journal of Business Case Studies (Online),  9(4), 321. Daske, H., Hail, L., Leuz, C., & Verdi, R. (2013). Adopting a label: Heterogeneity in the economic consequences around IAS/IFRS adoptions.  Journal of Accounting Research,  51(3), 495-547. Deegan, C. (2013).  Financial accounting theory. McGraw-Hill Education New Zealand. Dinh, T., Eierle, B., Schultze, W., & Steeger, L. (2015). Research and development, uncertainty, and analysts’ forecasts: the case of IAS 38.  Journal of International Financial Management & Accounting,  26(3), 257-293. Dinh, T., Kang, H., & Schultze, W. (2015). Capitalizing Research & Development: Signaling or Earnings Management?.  European Accounting Review, 1-29. Healy, P. M., & Palepu, K. G. (2012).  Business Analysis Valuation: Using Financial Statements. Cengage Learning. IFRS - Home. (2016).  Ifrs.org. Retrieved 6 November 2016, from https://www.ifrs.org/Pages/default.aspx International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). (2016).  Iasplus.com. Retrieved 6 November 2016, from https://www.iasplus.com/en/resources/ifrsf/iasb-ifrs-ic/iasb Kelsey, J. (2015).  The New Zealand experiment: A world model for structural adjustment?. Bridget Williams Books. Knechel, W. R., Sharma, D. S., & Sharma, V. D. (2012). Non?audit services and knowledge spillovers: Evidence from New Zealand.  Journal of Business Finance & Accounting,  39(1?2), 60-81. Mynatt, P. G., & Schroeder, R. G. (2012). The comparative reporting impact of the FASB and IASB treatments of research and development expenditures.  Journal of Business and Accounting,  5(1), 50. Naranjo, P. L., Saavedra, D., & Verdi, R. S. (2015). Financial reporting regulation and financing decisions.  Available at SSRN 2147838. Nobes, C., (2014).  International Classification of Financial Reporting 3e. Routledge. Reeve, J. M., Warren, C. S., Duchac, J. E., Du, X., & Yu, Z. (2012).  Principles of Accounting. South-Western Cengage Learning. Samkin, G., & Deegan, C. (2012).  New Zealand financial accounting. McGraw-Hill Education Australia.

African Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

African Music - Essay Example Placing African music in an historical and social context, brings to the fore the compiling of notes on the social context of African music; on African history; on the popularization of African music and on the instruments and styles of African music. The following text has been put together and a bibliography and appropriate reference is supplied at the end of the article. Africa covers about 11,714,000 square miles (30,339,000 square kilometers), more than a fifth of the earth’s total land area. The continent is an enormous plateau, most of which is covered by deserts, forests and grasslands. It is this vast mass of land that held the immense treasure of Africa called music. Music has been culturally part of and developed in Africa for thousands of years. Its wide range of styles evidently showed much of the country’s landscape. In northern Africa, music follows Arab traditions that consist mainly of chants and the use of various northern instruments but as shown but African music has also spread southward and influenced the music of peoples in parts of Chad, Ghana, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal and Sudan.

Business Strategy and Organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Business Strategy and Organization - Essay Example The strategic coalition with industry's professional's commitment to delivering the right manufacturing product to targeted consumer with cost effective approaches (Klijn 2007). Therefore, the current market industry efforts are in the strategic management performance with regards to a focused platform of customer satisfaction. The approach is a review of the competitive advantages of the overall site process methods. The measures make it clear that what are the best practices to use in today's social networking industry from the original concept of stages of quality strategic management system. The approach will outline the fundamental concept of acknowledging the applied quality strategic management which would aim at the consumers. The defining of the competitor edge provides the platform to reassure that the gained research data on networking is implemented successfully. The current market industry analysis for competitive organizations is to acquire an IT structure that delivers results in a business application industry through phases. The advantages are in the platform of using a synergy with the SaaS innovation, in order to form creative IT technology. This approach provides for a method to increasing sales in the targeted market. The IT technology offered by the industry is to present the product/service to a winning strategy for a long lasting effort to reach the market industry standards goals. The current industry role in modeling the three main phases of outputting the business applications for consumers are inputs, performances, and outcomes: Inputs Performances Outcomes Entry of user and passwords Quantity of work Confirmation of authorization Time assess to transfer Quality of work Concluded access Security Safety rules/regulation Variety of Benefits High level Platform Game Levels Extended areas of focus data Key areas sorted Demonstrated ability Data relayed New level fields Manageability Signed off conclusion of data Joined links Faster deliver Visual data displayed Figure A. According to Lynch's (2009) article, the Dell Corporation focused on low cost leadership in the computer industry that relied on operations and manufacturing skills. This approach provides the fundamental concept of current market industry trends to be succeeding in business on different platforms. The industry target market that represents businesses sizes of 500k-1million with a customer base of 3,500 to 8,000 can proactively hone on the beneficial aspects to delivering applications that address market concerns (Informationweek.com 2009). The industry competitive review of the concepts presented the streamline of criterion that allows a steady formation to synergize the core attributes of the product and service. The strategic fundamental aspect of establishing a strong IT strategic management scope within the organization is to achieve the desired goals and results. The IT strategic management scope can accomplish tasks outside of the normal activities within the confinement of the organization to acquire the outcome. The SaaS objective in the current market is too solely initiative IT management protocols for a successful implementation of a proposed plan initiative. The business identified industry competit

The Function and Process of Perception Essay Example for Free

The Function and Process of Perception Essay The function and process of perception can vary depending on a particular state of consciousness. Normal waking consciousness is a mental state that encompasses the thoughts, feelings, and perceptions that occur when we are awake and reasonably alert (Morris Maisto, 2010, p. 123). Since this state of mind expires after an amount of time, other forms of consciousness follow; whether naturally or self-induced. While sensory data is inevitable, the brains interpretation and perception of such stimuli during an altered state of consciousness will differ from that of waking consciousness. This mini-paper will elaborate on the effects of perception, including its process and function, related to three altered states of consciousness. The first being sleep and dreams, next drug-altered consciousness, followed by hypnosis. Before discussing the effects of perception while in an altered state, an overview of the basic function and process of perception in a normal setting is needed. Sensation is the bodys initial encounter with a sensory experience. This begins when the sensory receptors receive energy from a particular stimulus, which trigger receptor cells. The physical energy is converted into electrochemicals, then passes along sensory nerves, to the central nervous system where the brain receives the energy as a detailed message. However, not all physical energy produces a sensation. A minimum intensity, termed absolute threshold, must be achieved in order to produce a sensation. Perception takes place when the message reaches the brain and is then deciphered. Here, the sensory information is organized and interpreted to be made sense of. Using sensory information as raw material, the brain creates perceptual experiences that go beyond what is sensed directly (Morris Maisto, 2010, p. 06). Again, this is the series of events in the normal waking state of consciousness. During an altered state of consciousness the effect, process, and/or function of perception may vary. Sleep is the bodys natural way of recharging itself mentally and physically. Research has shown that adequate sleep contributes to cognitive functioning such as enhanced creativity, decision-making, and problem-solving skills, and also crucial to the formation of long-term memories (Morris Maisto, 2010). These are some of the basis of perception, hence the reason for its peak during waking consciousness. REM sleep, or paradoxical sleep, ironically, is a close resemblance to waking consciousness. However, REM is a deep sleep, it is difficult to wake the person, and is when most dreaming takes place. Dreams, in a way, could be considered perception. The brain subconsciously interprets information without the need of sensory stimulation. Psychologists define dreams as visual and auditory experiences that our minds create during sleep (Morris Maisto, 2010, p. 131). This is an example of a natural occurrence of altering consciousness. Drug-altered consciousness on the other hand, is self-induced. Psychoactive drugs are substances that change peoples moods, perceptions, mental functioning, or behavior (Morris Maisto, 2010, p. 134). Drugs are taken to purposely alter ones state of consciousness. To analyze the effect drugs have on the nervous system, three categories of drugs will be mentioned: depressants, stimulants, and hallucinogens. Depressants slow behavior, thinking, and perception by increasing or decreasing nerve impulses. Stimulants, such as amphetamines, produce feelings of optimism as well as never-ending energy by stimulating the sympathetic nervous system. These drugs cause the release of norepinephrine from adrenergic nerve endings (Weil, n. d. ). Lastly, hallucinogens distort the users senses and induce perceptual changes by causing experiences that resemble hallucinations. A positive for psychoactive drugs is the ability to explore different parts of the brain while in this altered state of consciousness. Although, the negative consequences of abuse and addiction are high risk. The last section is a technique that has been used for centuries for positivity, without the risk. Hypnosis is a trancelike state in which a person responds readily to suggestions (Morris Maisto, 2010, p. 50). This is an altered state of consciousness that works like sleep. The subconscious person receives a suggestion, which acts as a stimulus, and is sent to and interpreted by the brain. Hypnosis can help ease pain as well as cure an addiction. In conclusion, perceptual experiences vary in different forms of consciousness. Whether it be the sensory organs or the brain itself, interpretation of the coded message is somehow changed. The process and function of perception in waking consciousness differs from those while in an altered state of consciousness.

Bob Dylan and Media Distribution Channels :: Media Delivery Music Musician

Bob Dylan and the Media Throughout most of Bob Dylan's career as a musician, radio was the main form of media that was used to convey his message to the public. From the first album in the early 1960's to the 1990's, radio was and still is the main way in which the public receives his lyrics. It also remains to be the way Dylan is able to communicate his messages to us. My question is; How have the outlets of information changed through the years, and which method of the media is more effective? Is one better than the other for the purposes of relaying Dylan's messages to the public? Bob Dylan is famous for his straight forward and bold lyrics. Since the beginning of his long career as an artist, people of the United States and all across the world have not only listened to his musical talent but respected his ideas as a leader. Bob Dylan, like so many other musicians of his day, got his start on the radio. This was a way for musicians to relay messages to the rest of society. This gave people all across the world a feeling of belonging. It provided a basis for people to share common interests with others across the world. Music concerts was another way of passing Dylan's messages to the public. A typical concert performed by Dylan included fifty thousand people in an arena, and another fifty thousand outside of the gates. For the lucky ones, those which were able to enter the concert (either by paying or sneaking in), the concerts are a way which everyone is able to receive the desired message at precisely the same time. Another positive idea about concerts is; by watching someone whom they have been listening to for years, people get a sense of hope, inspiration, and the face behind the name. The third source of media that Dylan used to communicate his thoughts and music ability, was through albums. Over the course of Dylan's long career, he has released more than 40 albums. Starting in the 1960's and ending in the 1990's, when the compact disc was introduced and gained popularity. An album is a way of playing back individual songs, simply by releasing the needle on whatever song you would like played. As albums became more and more popular, Dylan was now able to convey his message to a wider variety of people.

Competitors of Honda

Japanese car are getting more and more popular in these few decades. In 2007, Japan turned into the world’s largest vehicle producer and became one of main players in international vehicle industry (Jeffrey Hays 2009). For instance, Honda, a well-known Japanese vehicle producer, it is also one of the best car sellers in Malaysia. Honda Malaysia Sdn Bhd was born in 15 November 2000 as a result of the formation of partnership between Honda Motor Co. Ltd. of Japan, DRB-HICOM Berhad and Oriental Holdings Berhad.It produces a wide range of product besides car, motorcycles, automobiles, power products (such as motorboats), aircraft engines (HondaJet), humanoid robot (ASIMO), fuel cell vehicles and solar films. The company promised to deliver highest customer satisfaction to Malaysians than his rivals and holds the principles: i) Respect for the Individual ii)The Three Joys (Soichiro Honda 1951) iii) Maintaining a global viewpoint, we are dedicated to supplying products of the highes t quality yet at a reasonable price for worldwide customer satisfaction.The three joys were presented by Soichiro Honda, it consists of joy of buying, joy of selling and joy of creating. The Joy of buying belongs to the happiness of customers who bought product from Honda. Honda wishes their customer will be glad for buying their product. The joy of selling belongs to the reseller of Honda’s product. Honda hopes the product they delivery is always in high quality which generates profit for the reseller. The last joy belongs to the engineer. Honda. It refers to the happiness of an engineer when he manufactures a product which is high quality and valuable to the society.The three joys became motto of Honda since that. Honda Malaysia also strongly emphasizes its slogan â€Å"The power of dream† which signifies turning dream to reality, a future with better technology and value. With a variety of car models, from the lower-priced City to the higher-priced Accord, Honda cou ld attracts people within all age groups and socioeconomic statuses. All potential buyers, regardless of their social class, represented Honda’s target market. Now, Honda Malaysia is in the top 5 brand which has the most car sale in Malaysia. It is the winner for Putra brand award-silver since 2010, became one the most valuable brand in Malaysia.Honda even is the highest in New Vehicle Sales Satisfaction for Malaysia Sales Satisfaction Index Study in 2011. Other achievements are Reader's Digest Trusted Brands, Asian Auto Fuel Efficiency Awards and etc. These dazzling performances above shows that Honda does try their best keep the promise made. On the other hand, Honda Malaysia does not like other businesses which only pay most concern on maximizing the profit from the public. As a member of the society, it contributes some of its profit to provide a better future for the next generation.For example, Honda dream fund was launched to provide aids to underprivileged students an d their families with a chance to fulfil their ambition. Meanwhile, Honda Malaysia is also putting great effort in preservation of the environment. It had launched a programme which aims to protect Sumatran rhinos from extinction. Business environment nowadays is changing rapidly In order to sustain a business, it is very important to understand the market place and competitors. For Honda Malaysia, Toyota and Perodua are two of the competitors in Malaysia.First, Toyota is a reputed Japanese vehicle manufacturer which is set up by Kiichiro Toyoda on 1953. It is also one of the world largest car makers in the world. It produces wide range of car such as Van, MPVs, 4WD and etc. Toyota came into Malaysia on 1982, at that time it is named as Sejati Motor (joint venture between UMW Corporation Sdn Bhd and Toyota Motor Corporation). On 1987, Sejati Motor changed its name to UMW Toyota . Sdn. Bhd. It stated its mission as: i) achieve customer-first philosophy by delighting customer and mana ge good relationship with business partner. i) Deliver world-class quality product that satisfies customer needs. iii) Contributes to society by preserving the environment and improve community services and etc. For Toyota, their slogan is â€Å"moving forward†, it means continuous improvement. Today, Toyota Malaysia is the third car brand with most market share. Toyota and Honda has a lot of similarity, not only in terms of the place they originate but in terms market position for their product. They both are producing passengers’ vehicle as their main product. Moreover, they both focus on medium five-seat car. The Toyota Vios was ranked no. for the best 30 selling car models on year to May 2012, 13846 units had sold (5. 9% market share). Meanwhile, Honda City was rank no. 18 with 1971 of units sold (0. 8% market share). Despite the mechanical aspect, both cars share similar feature. For example, Anti-lock braking system (ABS), dual airbags, body structure that reduce impact of crash and etc. In terms of specification, Honda City is more superior. However, Vios is 7 times more than City in sales volume. On the other hand, Toyota holds 17. 4% of market share in the first half of 2012 and Honda only gets 3. %. Why such a huge disparity does exist? It can be answer in two aspects. First, Toyota has cheaper selling price in general. Second, Toyota Malaysia was founded 13 years earlier than Honda. This would help Toyota get more loyal customer. Recently, both companies are putting more effort and attention in hybrid car. For example: Toyota Prius and Honda Civic Hybrid. Due to the awareness of people about environmental issues, this new market is growing robustly. Based on the market share report above, Toyota holds 13 % of the market share and 5% for Honda.In addition, statistical research made below shows that Toyota’s market share has a declining trend, it dropped from 18% to 13%. These data are showing the gap between Toyota and Honda in t erm of competiveness is getting smaller and smaller. The Perusahaan Otomobil Kedua Sdn Bhd( Perodua), the local car maker is one of the competitors of Honda Malaysia. It was established in 1993, a joint venture company between Malaysian and Japanese partners. UMW Corporation Sdn Bhd , the partners of Toyota Malaysia is also the largest shareholder of Perodua.Their slogan is â€Å"building car, people first. † In order words, they meant to be customer-centred. Currently, Perodua surpassed the first national car manufacturer of Malaysia- Proton Holding limited and gets the most market share. Their main product is small-sized car such as Viva and Myvi. The Myvi of Perodua is the bestselling car in Malaysia especially on the year to May 2012. As local car makers such as Perodua is younger compare to those foreign car makers. To protect these infant industries, government give protection to them.They get massive subsidies, tax cut in exportation and government impose higher tax ra te on foreign car. Thus, Malaysia are one the countries which has the expensive car price. These protections will go on until they are able to catch up those foreign competitors. So, these benefits do help Perodua a lot to be competitive. The main reason that Perodua is the competitor of Honda in Malaysia is the market share of cars in Malaysia, Perodua got the highest share in the market. As the figure shown, market share of Perodua in Malaysia is 35% year to august 2012.Honda holds 5% in the market although Honda’s automobile delivery higher quality of product than Perodua. According to the market research, the bestselling car model in Malaysia is Perodua Myvi, get share of 15. 7% in the market in year to May 2012, 36920 units was sold. As mentioned, Honda City gets 0. 8% of the market share. Due to the protection of goverment, Perodua is able to has a lower production cost. In order words, Perodua beats Honda in term of price. The selling price of Myvi start from RM 43,912 . 15  , but for Honda City, it strat from RM85980.City is nearly 2 times more expensive than Myvi. As Malaysia is still a developing country, its income per capita is about 9000++ USD. Hence, many youngsters would put local car brand as their first choice. As mentioned above, environment care is a critical issue now. People nowadays are more prefer hybrid car. So far, Honda had already introduced two hybrid cars model, Honda Civic Hybrid and Honda jazz Hybrid. In order to catch up the trend, Perodua started to develop their own hybrid car, Perodua Bezza. Perodua is showing their enthusiasm to become a world-class car maker.

School Legal Issue Plan

The safety and security of the students are a major concern for our schools; especially elementary campuses. The dismissal routine at Cook elementary school is in need of revamping to a higher level of security. Each campus principal makes the decision on the dismissal procedure. Across the nation, there are numerous students who are mistakenly handed over to the wrong parent or adult or just simply come up missing from their school campus. In recent years, there have been several incidents in which the students were either handed over to the wrong person, or left the school without the staff knowing how they left.The safety of the students during dismissal should be a concerned just like it is during the instructional time of the school day. The current dismissal is the bus riders are dismissed and are expected to meet the assigned staff member at the end of the hall. Shortly after the bus riders depart, the walkers are to lineup and report to the multi-purpose room to be released. Finally, the car riders are escorted by their homeroom teacher to north side of the building where parents are able to drive-up to pick up their child(ren). Some parents have car rider numbers and some just ask for the students by name. Often times this routine is quite chaotic; especially when there is inclement weather.There have been a couple of times in which parents inquire as to how their child was released from school. Either the parent forgot to send a note or the student forgot to give it to teacher or front office. When a parent/guardian calls to check on how their child left for the day, there should be a better way to inform the parent/guardian that the child either rode a bus, walked, or was picked up via car. In 2010, at a Dallas elementary school, a kindergarten student was handed over to the wrong adult, but the incident ended well because the person returned to the school with the child. This current school year, a little girl left with one of her classmate’s mother without permission from the parents.These events cause panic among the families as well as cost the  cities and counties money because of police involvement. Although I would rather have a false alarm, than to not contact authority and have a bigger issue on hand. In light of these events, extra security measures should be implemented in an effort to avoid such incidents. This requires the involvement of all administrators, teachers, and staff to do their part to ensure safe return of all students to their homes at the end of the school day. This unit will explain in detail procedures that can be implemented to avoid handing a student to the wrong person. Suggested dismissal procedure implementation plan:Notification of dismissal routineColor code each grade levelEach student is assigned a dismissal ticket number.Exit ticket and bagsCar rider numbersTeacher creates a spreadsheet identifying students dismissal routineStages of dismissalExit tickets2nd and 3rd notification t o parents, students, and staff of the new dismissal procedure. ïÆ'ËœPTOEffective dateAccountabilityNotification of change in dismissal routineA week before the change in the dismissal routine, parents/guardians will receive notice of the upcoming change as well as a form to complete stating how their child(ren) are to be dismissed from school. The notice will clearly state that although the child(ren) may be designated as a bus rider or walker, he or she will still receive an assigned number for dismissal. The notice will also state that whenever there is a change in how the student is to leave school, a written note signed by parent/guardian must be sent to the school.Color code each grade levelEach grade level will be assigned a specific color in an effort to quickly identify the grade level of students at the end of the day. There are times when dismissal is chaotic and if the students have their dismissal tickets in hand, staff members can easily identify where the student belo ngs if he or she becomes separated from the class. In addition, the dismissal areas will be color coded for the assigned grade levels to wait for their dismissal.Dismissal ticket numbersEach student will be assigned a dismissal number which will be tied to that student’s name. Regardless of the number of siblings attending the same school, each will have his or her own number. The reasoning to avoid assigning one dismissal number for each family is because there could be a family member absent that day and it would be hard to track if there is one or two or more members per family as well as which student is absent. It is much safer for each student to have his or her own number because it is easier to account for that student.These assigned numbers, which will be color coded based on grade level along with the student’s assigned homeroom teacher’s first initial and last name becomes that student’s exit ticket. Placing the teacher’s name on the stu dent’s assigned number makes it quicker to track the student’s movement. As the student leaves school for the day, he or she will place their exit ticket in the appropriate exit bag.Car rider numbersThere will be two sets of numbers, one index card size for the students as an exit ticket and one letter paper size to be given to parents to identify which student he or she is picking up by placing the number in the front window. The color code will identify the grade level and the number identifies the student. The parents must display this number in their window when picking up their child(ren).Exit tickets and bagsThe color coded assigned numbers will serve as the student’s exit from school. These tickets are laminated to withstand long-term usage. There will be an exit bag for each method of dismissal; early departure, bus dismissal, walkers, and car riders. A designated staff member will collect the exit tickets as the students depart. The next school day, the tickets are separated by designated staff and returned to the teachers.SpreadsheetThe teacher for each class room will create a spreadsheet identifying how each student goes home at the end of the day. The spreadsheet should include: bus riders, walkers, and car riders. In the event the teacher is absent, the spreadsheet is visibly posted for a substitute to know how the students are dismissed.Stages of dismissalThe bell will continue to be the signal for the end of the school day. The students will be dismissed by the way they go home. The bus riders, which include district, private, and day care buses, will be dismissed first. These students will be escorted and supervised by designated staff members. As each student departs, each will drop his or her exit ticket into the exit bag. After about 5 minutes, the walkers will be escorted by assigned staff and released at the appointed doors(s). After giving the walkers about 5 minutes to depart, the car riders will be escorted to the designated pick-up zone to release students to parents. The teachers will carry their spreadsheet with them which indicates the students’ dismissal numbers. As the teachers and other staff members escort the students to their vehicles he/she will collect the students’ exit tickets to be placed in the exit bag for car riders.Notification of new dismissal routineUpon the onset of working on the new dismissal routine, the parents will receive a newsletter from the school notifying them of the upcoming change. A week before the implementation of the new routine another newsletter is sent home stating the date the change will take effect. The final notice of the change will be issued on a Friday before the Monday the new routine becomes official. The parents will receive notification of the upcoming change at least 3 times in an effort to prepare them for the change. In addition, the teachers will prepare the students for the change in the dismissal routine to help them tra nsition as smoothly as possible.PTOThe members of the Parent Teacher Organization (PTO) will play a very important role of getting the word out to parents/guardians of the new dismissal routine. The PTO will help to address any concerns or questions related to the new dismissal routine. In addition, whenever possible, the PTO will help in separating and returning the exit tickets to the designated teachers.Effective dateThe effective date for the new dismissal routine should take place on a Monday. This will allow parents/guardians to make the necessary adjustments in their routines. In addition, with proper notification the parents/guardians will have time to pose any questions or concerns they may have with the administration.AccountabilityThe implementation of the new dismissal routine should prove to be a less stressful way to monitor and know how each student leaves the campus. The teacher for each homeroom is responsible for ensuring his/her students are dismissed as requested by the parents. In addition, the teachers should ensure there is a form returned for each student in their homeroom.ConclusionIn conclusion, whereas this may not be a perfect plan, it will provide some extra security measures in helping the students to depart the school as the parents/guardians desire as well as provide a checkpoint to quickly determine how a student left campus during dismissal. There may be some confusion the first couple of days, but that is to be expected. However, if the plan is followed as set, the kinks will work themselves out. What is most important is the security and protection of our students.

Strategies that Motivate Students Connected to Proverbs

Strategies that Motivate Students Connected to Proverbs A proverb is A proverb is a short, pithy statement of a general truth, one that condenses common experience into memorable form. Although proverbs are cultural statements, marking a particular time and place for their origin, they reflect the universal human experience. For example, proverbs are found in literature, as in Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet â€Å"He that is strucken blind cannot forgetThe precious treasure of his eyesight lost† (I.i) This proverb means that a man who loses his eyesight-or anything else of value- can never forget the importance of what has been lost. Another example, from  Aesop Fables  by Aesop: We should make sure that our own house is in order before we give advice to others. This proverb means we should act upon our own words, before advising others to do the same. Motivating students with Proverbs There are multiple ways to use proverbs in the 7-12 grade classroom. They can be used to inspire or to motivate students; they can be used as cautionary wisdom. As proverbs have all developed in some human experience, students and educators may recognize how these messages from the past can help inform their own experiences. Posting these proverbs around the classroom can bring about discussions in class as to their meaning and how these Old World sayings still are relevant today. Proverbs can also support motivational strategies that teachers may want to use  in the classroom. Here are eight (8) approaches to motivate students that can be implemented in any content area.  Each of these approaches is matched with supporting proverb(s) and the proverbs culture of origin, and links will connect educators to that proverb online. #1. ​​Model enthusiasm An educators enthusiasm about a specific discipline that is evident in each lesson is powerful and contagious for all students. Educators have the power to  raise students’ curiosity, even when students are not initially interested in the material. Educators should share why they first became interested in a subject,  how they  discovered their passion, and how they understand their desire to teach to share this passion. In other words, educators must model their motivation. â€Å"Wherever you go, go with all your heart.  (Confucius) Practice what you preach. (Bible) Once out of the throat it spreads over the world.(Hindu Proverb) #2. Provide relevance and choice: Making content relevant is critical to motivating students.  Students need to be shown or to establish a personal connection to the material taught in class. This personal connection may be emotional  or appeal to their background knowledge. No  matter how disinteresting a subjects content may seem, once students have determined that the content is worth knowing, the content will engage them.Allowing students to make choices increases their engagement. Giving students choice builds their capacity for responsibility and commitment. Offering choice communicates an educators respect for students’ needs and preferences. Choices also can help prevent disruptive behaviors.Without relevance and choice, students may disengage and lose the motivation to try. The road to the head lies through the heart.  (American Proverb) Let your nature be known and expressed.  (Huron Proverb) He is a fool who does not consider his own interests. (Maltese Proverb) Self interest will neither cheat nor lie, for that is the string in the nose that governs the creature.(American Proverb) #3. Praise student efforts: Everyone likes genuine praise, and educators can capitalize on this universal human desire for praise with their students. Praise is a powerful motivational strategy when it is part of constructive  feedback. Constructive feedback is nonjudgmental and acknowledges quality in order to stimulate advancement. Educators should stress opportunities that students can take to improve, and any negative comments must be associated with the product, not the student.   Praise youth and it will prosper. (Irish Proverb) As with children, there is no taking  away of what has been rightly given. (Plato) Do one thing at time, with supreme excellence.  (NASA) #4. Teach flexibility and adaptation Educators need to try to develop a students mental flexibility, or the ability to shift attention in response to changes in the environment. Modeling flexibility when things go wrong in the classroom, especially with technology, sends a powerful message to students. Coaching students to know when to let go of one idea to consider another can help each student meet success.   Its an ill plan that cannot be changed. (Latin Proverb) A reed before the wind lives on while mighty oaks do fall.   (Aesop) Sometimes you have to throw yourself into the fire to escape from the smoke  (Greek Proverb) Times change, and we with them. (Latin Proverb) #5. Provide opportunities that allow for failure Students operate in a culture that is risk-adverse; a culture where failure is not an option. However, research shows that failure is a powerful instructional strategy. Mistakes can be expected as a part of the application and experimentation taxonomy and allowing age-appropriate mistakes can increase confidence and problem solving skills.  Educators need to  embrace the concept that learning is a messy process and use mistakes as part of a discovery process in order to engage students.  Educators also need to provide safe spaces or structured environments for students to take intellectual risks to minimize some mistakes. Allowing for mistakes can give students the satisfaction  of reasoning through a problem and discovering the underlying principle on their own. Experience is the best teacher. (Greek Proverb) The harder you fall, the higher you bounce.  (Chinese Proverb) Men learn little from success, but much from failure.  (Arab Proverb)   Failure is not falling down but refusing to get up. (Chinese Proverb) Failing to plan is planning to fail  (English Proverb) #6.  Value student work Give students the chance to succeed. High standards for student work are fine, but it is important to make those standards clear and give students a chance to discover and meet them.   A man is judged by his work. (Kurdish Proverb) The achievement of all work is practice.  (Welsh Proverb) Remember that the only place where success  comes before work is in a dictionary. (American Proverb) #7. Teach stamina and perseverance Recent research on how the brain works confirms that the brains plasticity means that stamina and perseverance can be learned. Strategies for teaching stamina include repetition and sequencing activities with  increasing difficulty that offer a continual but reasonable challenge. Pray to God but continue to row to the shore.(Russian Proverb) It does not matter how slowly you go so long as you do not stop.  (Confucius) There is no Royal Road to learning.  (Euclid) Though the centipede has one of its legs broken, this does not affect its movement.  (Burmese Proverb) A habit is first a wanderer, then a guest, and finally the boss. (Hungarian Proverb) #8. Track improvement through reflection Students need to track their own leaning through ongoing reflection.  Whatever form the reflection takes, students need the opportunity to make sense of their learning experiences. They need to understand what choices they made, how their work changed, and what helped them learn to track their improvement Self-knowledge is the beginning of self-improvement.(Spanish Proverb) Nothing succeeds like success (French Proverb) Praise the bridge that carried you over. (English Proverb) No one can be an expected to be an expert at something before they have got the chance to practice it.  (Finnish Proverb) In conclusion: Although proverbs were born from Old World thinking, they still reflect the human experience of our students in the 21st Century. Sharing these proverbs with students can be part of making them feel connected, beyond time and place, to others. The messages of proverbs can help students better understand the reasons for the instructional strategies in place that can motivate them towards success.

Handling the difficult employee Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Handling the difficult employee - Research Paper Example Also the responsiveness of the management and the eventual sources of these difficult situations would also be taken into count here. This paper discusses how difficult situations are managed within organizations and what the role of management is to make sure that these are curtailed at all times. It is first and foremost very significant to define what comprise of these difficult situations. When these definitions are given a clear cut go ahead in terms of their understanding, then only one could find out the vital link between the diagnosis and the remedy that comes about in the wake of such difficult situations. Hence these difficult situations are circumstances when it is improbable that the employees are able to complete their jobs in an able way. Also the management discerns that this is indeed a quagmire that it has entered into, and thus there is no other way round which can be brought into the picture that shall solve the difficult situation once and for all (Beer, 2011). H owever, these difficult situations do crop up at the worst possible times and do not have any alternative solutions to rectify the gravity of the problem that has arisen. These could be tussles taking place within an organization amongst the employees or rifts that could mean severe repercussions for the entire organizational harmony. In addition, these could include the day to day cold war scenarios amongst the employees or even with their bosses, and the office related issues which have a great deal of bearing on the eventual allowances, bonuses and other financial aspects that deal with employees’ salaries in essence. In short, there are multitude of problems that need to be corrected and that too within a short amount of time, and there is no other way than to tackle these difficult situations once and for all. This will prove to be a hectic job but then again all Herculean work tasks need to be analyzed properly before they are corrected once and for all. The role of the management in finding out the exact ways and means to take care of such difficult situations is immensely significant. This is because the management is the sole caretaker of the organization and has to decide for its own good what is the best foot forward and how problems need to be proactively gauged and then solutions are determined for the same. If the management has a clear cut policy in hand as to how it will tackle these issues, then it means that the difficult situations would be kept at a safe distance and no problems would come about to give the people and more importantly the management a sort of surprise which they never expected. Then again, there needs to be proper understanding on the different aspects as to what could be remarked as a difficult situation and what is not such a circumstance at all (Brounstein, 1993). The employees are the best possible judges to remark a problem as a difficult one or to discard it altogether. A proactive approach would surely solve q uite a few issues and this will be the basis of success within the management frameworks, all of which would take care of the organizational processes, activities, tasks and work flow areas. On the same token, the sources of these difficult situations are also important to make note of. This is because not