The Function and Process of Perception Essay Example for Free

The Function and Process of Perception Essay The function and process of perception can vary depending on a particular state of consciousness. Normal waking consciousness is a mental state that encompasses the thoughts, feelings, and perceptions that occur when we are awake and reasonably alert (Morris Maisto, 2010, p. 123). Since this state of mind expires after an amount of time, other forms of consciousness follow; whether naturally or self-induced. While sensory data is inevitable, the brains interpretation and perception of such stimuli during an altered state of consciousness will differ from that of waking consciousness. This mini-paper will elaborate on the effects of perception, including its process and function, related to three altered states of consciousness. The first being sleep and dreams, next drug-altered consciousness, followed by hypnosis. Before discussing the effects of perception while in an altered state, an overview of the basic function and process of perception in a normal setting is needed. Sensation is the bodys initial encounter with a sensory experience. This begins when the sensory receptors receive energy from a particular stimulus, which trigger receptor cells. The physical energy is converted into electrochemicals, then passes along sensory nerves, to the central nervous system where the brain receives the energy as a detailed message. However, not all physical energy produces a sensation. A minimum intensity, termed absolute threshold, must be achieved in order to produce a sensation. Perception takes place when the message reaches the brain and is then deciphered. Here, the sensory information is organized and interpreted to be made sense of. Using sensory information as raw material, the brain creates perceptual experiences that go beyond what is sensed directly (Morris Maisto, 2010, p. 06). Again, this is the series of events in the normal waking state of consciousness. During an altered state of consciousness the effect, process, and/or function of perception may vary. Sleep is the bodys natural way of recharging itself mentally and physically. Research has shown that adequate sleep contributes to cognitive functioning such as enhanced creativity, decision-making, and problem-solving skills, and also crucial to the formation of long-term memories (Morris Maisto, 2010). These are some of the basis of perception, hence the reason for its peak during waking consciousness. REM sleep, or paradoxical sleep, ironically, is a close resemblance to waking consciousness. However, REM is a deep sleep, it is difficult to wake the person, and is when most dreaming takes place. Dreams, in a way, could be considered perception. The brain subconsciously interprets information without the need of sensory stimulation. Psychologists define dreams as visual and auditory experiences that our minds create during sleep (Morris Maisto, 2010, p. 131). This is an example of a natural occurrence of altering consciousness. Drug-altered consciousness on the other hand, is self-induced. Psychoactive drugs are substances that change peoples moods, perceptions, mental functioning, or behavior (Morris Maisto, 2010, p. 134). Drugs are taken to purposely alter ones state of consciousness. To analyze the effect drugs have on the nervous system, three categories of drugs will be mentioned: depressants, stimulants, and hallucinogens. Depressants slow behavior, thinking, and perception by increasing or decreasing nerve impulses. Stimulants, such as amphetamines, produce feelings of optimism as well as never-ending energy by stimulating the sympathetic nervous system. These drugs cause the release of norepinephrine from adrenergic nerve endings (Weil, n. d. ). Lastly, hallucinogens distort the users senses and induce perceptual changes by causing experiences that resemble hallucinations. A positive for psychoactive drugs is the ability to explore different parts of the brain while in this altered state of consciousness. Although, the negative consequences of abuse and addiction are high risk. The last section is a technique that has been used for centuries for positivity, without the risk. Hypnosis is a trancelike state in which a person responds readily to suggestions (Morris Maisto, 2010, p. 50). This is an altered state of consciousness that works like sleep. The subconscious person receives a suggestion, which acts as a stimulus, and is sent to and interpreted by the brain. Hypnosis can help ease pain as well as cure an addiction. In conclusion, perceptual experiences vary in different forms of consciousness. Whether it be the sensory organs or the brain itself, interpretation of the coded message is somehow changed. The process and function of perception in waking consciousness differs from those while in an altered state of consciousness.

Bob Dylan and Media Distribution Channels :: Media Delivery Music Musician

Bob Dylan and the Media Throughout most of Bob Dylan's career as a musician, radio was the main form of media that was used to convey his message to the public. From the first album in the early 1960's to the 1990's, radio was and still is the main way in which the public receives his lyrics. It also remains to be the way Dylan is able to communicate his messages to us. My question is; How have the outlets of information changed through the years, and which method of the media is more effective? Is one better than the other for the purposes of relaying Dylan's messages to the public? Bob Dylan is famous for his straight forward and bold lyrics. Since the beginning of his long career as an artist, people of the United States and all across the world have not only listened to his musical talent but respected his ideas as a leader. Bob Dylan, like so many other musicians of his day, got his start on the radio. This was a way for musicians to relay messages to the rest of society. This gave people all across the world a feeling of belonging. It provided a basis for people to share common interests with others across the world. Music concerts was another way of passing Dylan's messages to the public. A typical concert performed by Dylan included fifty thousand people in an arena, and another fifty thousand outside of the gates. For the lucky ones, those which were able to enter the concert (either by paying or sneaking in), the concerts are a way which everyone is able to receive the desired message at precisely the same time. Another positive idea about concerts is; by watching someone whom they have been listening to for years, people get a sense of hope, inspiration, and the face behind the name. The third source of media that Dylan used to communicate his thoughts and music ability, was through albums. Over the course of Dylan's long career, he has released more than 40 albums. Starting in the 1960's and ending in the 1990's, when the compact disc was introduced and gained popularity. An album is a way of playing back individual songs, simply by releasing the needle on whatever song you would like played. As albums became more and more popular, Dylan was now able to convey his message to a wider variety of people.

Competitors of Honda

Japanese car are getting more and more popular in these few decades. In 2007, Japan turned into the world’s largest vehicle producer and became one of main players in international vehicle industry (Jeffrey Hays 2009). For instance, Honda, a well-known Japanese vehicle producer, it is also one of the best car sellers in Malaysia. Honda Malaysia Sdn Bhd was born in 15 November 2000 as a result of the formation of partnership between Honda Motor Co. Ltd. of Japan, DRB-HICOM Berhad and Oriental Holdings Berhad.It produces a wide range of product besides car, motorcycles, automobiles, power products (such as motorboats), aircraft engines (HondaJet), humanoid robot (ASIMO), fuel cell vehicles and solar films. The company promised to deliver highest customer satisfaction to Malaysians than his rivals and holds the principles: i) Respect for the Individual ii)The Three Joys (Soichiro Honda 1951) iii) Maintaining a global viewpoint, we are dedicated to supplying products of the highes t quality yet at a reasonable price for worldwide customer satisfaction.The three joys were presented by Soichiro Honda, it consists of joy of buying, joy of selling and joy of creating. The Joy of buying belongs to the happiness of customers who bought product from Honda. Honda wishes their customer will be glad for buying their product. The joy of selling belongs to the reseller of Honda’s product. Honda hopes the product they delivery is always in high quality which generates profit for the reseller. The last joy belongs to the engineer. Honda. It refers to the happiness of an engineer when he manufactures a product which is high quality and valuable to the society.The three joys became motto of Honda since that. Honda Malaysia also strongly emphasizes its slogan â€Å"The power of dream† which signifies turning dream to reality, a future with better technology and value. With a variety of car models, from the lower-priced City to the higher-priced Accord, Honda cou ld attracts people within all age groups and socioeconomic statuses. All potential buyers, regardless of their social class, represented Honda’s target market. Now, Honda Malaysia is in the top 5 brand which has the most car sale in Malaysia. It is the winner for Putra brand award-silver since 2010, became one the most valuable brand in Malaysia.Honda even is the highest in New Vehicle Sales Satisfaction for Malaysia Sales Satisfaction Index Study in 2011. Other achievements are Reader's Digest Trusted Brands, Asian Auto Fuel Efficiency Awards and etc. These dazzling performances above shows that Honda does try their best keep the promise made. On the other hand, Honda Malaysia does not like other businesses which only pay most concern on maximizing the profit from the public. As a member of the society, it contributes some of its profit to provide a better future for the next generation.For example, Honda dream fund was launched to provide aids to underprivileged students an d their families with a chance to fulfil their ambition. Meanwhile, Honda Malaysia is also putting great effort in preservation of the environment. It had launched a programme which aims to protect Sumatran rhinos from extinction. Business environment nowadays is changing rapidly In order to sustain a business, it is very important to understand the market place and competitors. For Honda Malaysia, Toyota and Perodua are two of the competitors in Malaysia.First, Toyota is a reputed Japanese vehicle manufacturer which is set up by Kiichiro Toyoda on 1953. It is also one of the world largest car makers in the world. It produces wide range of car such as Van, MPVs, 4WD and etc. Toyota came into Malaysia on 1982, at that time it is named as Sejati Motor (joint venture between UMW Corporation Sdn Bhd and Toyota Motor Corporation). On 1987, Sejati Motor changed its name to UMW Toyota . Sdn. Bhd. It stated its mission as: i) achieve customer-first philosophy by delighting customer and mana ge good relationship with business partner. i) Deliver world-class quality product that satisfies customer needs. iii) Contributes to society by preserving the environment and improve community services and etc. For Toyota, their slogan is â€Å"moving forward†, it means continuous improvement. Today, Toyota Malaysia is the third car brand with most market share. Toyota and Honda has a lot of similarity, not only in terms of the place they originate but in terms market position for their product. They both are producing passengers’ vehicle as their main product. Moreover, they both focus on medium five-seat car. The Toyota Vios was ranked no. for the best 30 selling car models on year to May 2012, 13846 units had sold (5. 9% market share). Meanwhile, Honda City was rank no. 18 with 1971 of units sold (0. 8% market share). Despite the mechanical aspect, both cars share similar feature. For example, Anti-lock braking system (ABS), dual airbags, body structure that reduce impact of crash and etc. In terms of specification, Honda City is more superior. However, Vios is 7 times more than City in sales volume. On the other hand, Toyota holds 17. 4% of market share in the first half of 2012 and Honda only gets 3. %. Why such a huge disparity does exist? It can be answer in two aspects. First, Toyota has cheaper selling price in general. Second, Toyota Malaysia was founded 13 years earlier than Honda. This would help Toyota get more loyal customer. Recently, both companies are putting more effort and attention in hybrid car. For example: Toyota Prius and Honda Civic Hybrid. Due to the awareness of people about environmental issues, this new market is growing robustly. Based on the market share report above, Toyota holds 13 % of the market share and 5% for Honda.In addition, statistical research made below shows that Toyota’s market share has a declining trend, it dropped from 18% to 13%. These data are showing the gap between Toyota and Honda in t erm of competiveness is getting smaller and smaller. The Perusahaan Otomobil Kedua Sdn Bhd( Perodua), the local car maker is one of the competitors of Honda Malaysia. It was established in 1993, a joint venture company between Malaysian and Japanese partners. UMW Corporation Sdn Bhd , the partners of Toyota Malaysia is also the largest shareholder of Perodua.Their slogan is â€Å"building car, people first. † In order words, they meant to be customer-centred. Currently, Perodua surpassed the first national car manufacturer of Malaysia- Proton Holding limited and gets the most market share. Their main product is small-sized car such as Viva and Myvi. The Myvi of Perodua is the bestselling car in Malaysia especially on the year to May 2012. As local car makers such as Perodua is younger compare to those foreign car makers. To protect these infant industries, government give protection to them.They get massive subsidies, tax cut in exportation and government impose higher tax ra te on foreign car. Thus, Malaysia are one the countries which has the expensive car price. These protections will go on until they are able to catch up those foreign competitors. So, these benefits do help Perodua a lot to be competitive. The main reason that Perodua is the competitor of Honda in Malaysia is the market share of cars in Malaysia, Perodua got the highest share in the market. As the figure shown, market share of Perodua in Malaysia is 35% year to august 2012.Honda holds 5% in the market although Honda’s automobile delivery higher quality of product than Perodua. According to the market research, the bestselling car model in Malaysia is Perodua Myvi, get share of 15. 7% in the market in year to May 2012, 36920 units was sold. As mentioned, Honda City gets 0. 8% of the market share. Due to the protection of goverment, Perodua is able to has a lower production cost. In order words, Perodua beats Honda in term of price. The selling price of Myvi start from RM 43,912 . 15  , but for Honda City, it strat from RM85980.City is nearly 2 times more expensive than Myvi. As Malaysia is still a developing country, its income per capita is about 9000++ USD. Hence, many youngsters would put local car brand as their first choice. As mentioned above, environment care is a critical issue now. People nowadays are more prefer hybrid car. So far, Honda had already introduced two hybrid cars model, Honda Civic Hybrid and Honda jazz Hybrid. In order to catch up the trend, Perodua started to develop their own hybrid car, Perodua Bezza. Perodua is showing their enthusiasm to become a world-class car maker.

School Legal Issue Plan

The safety and security of the students are a major concern for our schools; especially elementary campuses. The dismissal routine at Cook elementary school is in need of revamping to a higher level of security. Each campus principal makes the decision on the dismissal procedure. Across the nation, there are numerous students who are mistakenly handed over to the wrong parent or adult or just simply come up missing from their school campus. In recent years, there have been several incidents in which the students were either handed over to the wrong person, or left the school without the staff knowing how they left.The safety of the students during dismissal should be a concerned just like it is during the instructional time of the school day. The current dismissal is the bus riders are dismissed and are expected to meet the assigned staff member at the end of the hall. Shortly after the bus riders depart, the walkers are to lineup and report to the multi-purpose room to be released. Finally, the car riders are escorted by their homeroom teacher to north side of the building where parents are able to drive-up to pick up their child(ren). Some parents have car rider numbers and some just ask for the students by name. Often times this routine is quite chaotic; especially when there is inclement weather.There have been a couple of times in which parents inquire as to how their child was released from school. Either the parent forgot to send a note or the student forgot to give it to teacher or front office. When a parent/guardian calls to check on how their child left for the day, there should be a better way to inform the parent/guardian that the child either rode a bus, walked, or was picked up via car. In 2010, at a Dallas elementary school, a kindergarten student was handed over to the wrong adult, but the incident ended well because the person returned to the school with the child. This current school year, a little girl left with one of her classmate’s mother without permission from the parents.These events cause panic among the families as well as cost the  cities and counties money because of police involvement. Although I would rather have a false alarm, than to not contact authority and have a bigger issue on hand. In light of these events, extra security measures should be implemented in an effort to avoid such incidents. This requires the involvement of all administrators, teachers, and staff to do their part to ensure safe return of all students to their homes at the end of the school day. This unit will explain in detail procedures that can be implemented to avoid handing a student to the wrong person. Suggested dismissal procedure implementation plan:Notification of dismissal routineColor code each grade levelEach student is assigned a dismissal ticket number.Exit ticket and bagsCar rider numbersTeacher creates a spreadsheet identifying students dismissal routineStages of dismissalExit tickets2nd and 3rd notification t o parents, students, and staff of the new dismissal procedure. ïÆ'ËœPTOEffective dateAccountabilityNotification of change in dismissal routineA week before the change in the dismissal routine, parents/guardians will receive notice of the upcoming change as well as a form to complete stating how their child(ren) are to be dismissed from school. The notice will clearly state that although the child(ren) may be designated as a bus rider or walker, he or she will still receive an assigned number for dismissal. The notice will also state that whenever there is a change in how the student is to leave school, a written note signed by parent/guardian must be sent to the school.Color code each grade levelEach grade level will be assigned a specific color in an effort to quickly identify the grade level of students at the end of the day. There are times when dismissal is chaotic and if the students have their dismissal tickets in hand, staff members can easily identify where the student belo ngs if he or she becomes separated from the class. In addition, the dismissal areas will be color coded for the assigned grade levels to wait for their dismissal.Dismissal ticket numbersEach student will be assigned a dismissal number which will be tied to that student’s name. Regardless of the number of siblings attending the same school, each will have his or her own number. The reasoning to avoid assigning one dismissal number for each family is because there could be a family member absent that day and it would be hard to track if there is one or two or more members per family as well as which student is absent. It is much safer for each student to have his or her own number because it is easier to account for that student.These assigned numbers, which will be color coded based on grade level along with the student’s assigned homeroom teacher’s first initial and last name becomes that student’s exit ticket. Placing the teacher’s name on the stu dent’s assigned number makes it quicker to track the student’s movement. As the student leaves school for the day, he or she will place their exit ticket in the appropriate exit bag.Car rider numbersThere will be two sets of numbers, one index card size for the students as an exit ticket and one letter paper size to be given to parents to identify which student he or she is picking up by placing the number in the front window. The color code will identify the grade level and the number identifies the student. The parents must display this number in their window when picking up their child(ren).Exit tickets and bagsThe color coded assigned numbers will serve as the student’s exit from school. These tickets are laminated to withstand long-term usage. There will be an exit bag for each method of dismissal; early departure, bus dismissal, walkers, and car riders. A designated staff member will collect the exit tickets as the students depart. The next school day, the tickets are separated by designated staff and returned to the teachers.SpreadsheetThe teacher for each class room will create a spreadsheet identifying how each student goes home at the end of the day. The spreadsheet should include: bus riders, walkers, and car riders. In the event the teacher is absent, the spreadsheet is visibly posted for a substitute to know how the students are dismissed.Stages of dismissalThe bell will continue to be the signal for the end of the school day. The students will be dismissed by the way they go home. The bus riders, which include district, private, and day care buses, will be dismissed first. These students will be escorted and supervised by designated staff members. As each student departs, each will drop his or her exit ticket into the exit bag. After about 5 minutes, the walkers will be escorted by assigned staff and released at the appointed doors(s). After giving the walkers about 5 minutes to depart, the car riders will be escorted to the designated pick-up zone to release students to parents. The teachers will carry their spreadsheet with them which indicates the students’ dismissal numbers. As the teachers and other staff members escort the students to their vehicles he/she will collect the students’ exit tickets to be placed in the exit bag for car riders.Notification of new dismissal routineUpon the onset of working on the new dismissal routine, the parents will receive a newsletter from the school notifying them of the upcoming change. A week before the implementation of the new routine another newsletter is sent home stating the date the change will take effect. The final notice of the change will be issued on a Friday before the Monday the new routine becomes official. The parents will receive notification of the upcoming change at least 3 times in an effort to prepare them for the change. In addition, the teachers will prepare the students for the change in the dismissal routine to help them tra nsition as smoothly as possible.PTOThe members of the Parent Teacher Organization (PTO) will play a very important role of getting the word out to parents/guardians of the new dismissal routine. The PTO will help to address any concerns or questions related to the new dismissal routine. In addition, whenever possible, the PTO will help in separating and returning the exit tickets to the designated teachers.Effective dateThe effective date for the new dismissal routine should take place on a Monday. This will allow parents/guardians to make the necessary adjustments in their routines. In addition, with proper notification the parents/guardians will have time to pose any questions or concerns they may have with the administration.AccountabilityThe implementation of the new dismissal routine should prove to be a less stressful way to monitor and know how each student leaves the campus. The teacher for each homeroom is responsible for ensuring his/her students are dismissed as requested by the parents. In addition, the teachers should ensure there is a form returned for each student in their homeroom.ConclusionIn conclusion, whereas this may not be a perfect plan, it will provide some extra security measures in helping the students to depart the school as the parents/guardians desire as well as provide a checkpoint to quickly determine how a student left campus during dismissal. There may be some confusion the first couple of days, but that is to be expected. However, if the plan is followed as set, the kinks will work themselves out. What is most important is the security and protection of our students.

Strategies that Motivate Students Connected to Proverbs

Strategies that Motivate Students Connected to Proverbs A proverb is A proverb is a short, pithy statement of a general truth, one that condenses common experience into memorable form. Although proverbs are cultural statements, marking a particular time and place for their origin, they reflect the universal human experience. For example, proverbs are found in literature, as in Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet â€Å"He that is strucken blind cannot forgetThe precious treasure of his eyesight lost† (I.i) This proverb means that a man who loses his eyesight-or anything else of value- can never forget the importance of what has been lost. Another example, from  Aesop Fables  by Aesop: We should make sure that our own house is in order before we give advice to others. This proverb means we should act upon our own words, before advising others to do the same. Motivating students with Proverbs There are multiple ways to use proverbs in the 7-12 grade classroom. They can be used to inspire or to motivate students; they can be used as cautionary wisdom. As proverbs have all developed in some human experience, students and educators may recognize how these messages from the past can help inform their own experiences. Posting these proverbs around the classroom can bring about discussions in class as to their meaning and how these Old World sayings still are relevant today. Proverbs can also support motivational strategies that teachers may want to use  in the classroom. Here are eight (8) approaches to motivate students that can be implemented in any content area.  Each of these approaches is matched with supporting proverb(s) and the proverbs culture of origin, and links will connect educators to that proverb online. #1. ​​Model enthusiasm An educators enthusiasm about a specific discipline that is evident in each lesson is powerful and contagious for all students. Educators have the power to  raise students’ curiosity, even when students are not initially interested in the material. Educators should share why they first became interested in a subject,  how they  discovered their passion, and how they understand their desire to teach to share this passion. In other words, educators must model their motivation. â€Å"Wherever you go, go with all your heart.  (Confucius) Practice what you preach. (Bible) Once out of the throat it spreads over the world.(Hindu Proverb) #2. Provide relevance and choice: Making content relevant is critical to motivating students.  Students need to be shown or to establish a personal connection to the material taught in class. This personal connection may be emotional  or appeal to their background knowledge. No  matter how disinteresting a subjects content may seem, once students have determined that the content is worth knowing, the content will engage them.Allowing students to make choices increases their engagement. Giving students choice builds their capacity for responsibility and commitment. Offering choice communicates an educators respect for students’ needs and preferences. Choices also can help prevent disruptive behaviors.Without relevance and choice, students may disengage and lose the motivation to try. The road to the head lies through the heart.  (American Proverb) Let your nature be known and expressed.  (Huron Proverb) He is a fool who does not consider his own interests. (Maltese Proverb) Self interest will neither cheat nor lie, for that is the string in the nose that governs the creature.(American Proverb) #3. Praise student efforts: Everyone likes genuine praise, and educators can capitalize on this universal human desire for praise with their students. Praise is a powerful motivational strategy when it is part of constructive  feedback. Constructive feedback is nonjudgmental and acknowledges quality in order to stimulate advancement. Educators should stress opportunities that students can take to improve, and any negative comments must be associated with the product, not the student.   Praise youth and it will prosper. (Irish Proverb) As with children, there is no taking  away of what has been rightly given. (Plato) Do one thing at time, with supreme excellence.  (NASA) #4. Teach flexibility and adaptation Educators need to try to develop a students mental flexibility, or the ability to shift attention in response to changes in the environment. Modeling flexibility when things go wrong in the classroom, especially with technology, sends a powerful message to students. Coaching students to know when to let go of one idea to consider another can help each student meet success.   Its an ill plan that cannot be changed. (Latin Proverb) A reed before the wind lives on while mighty oaks do fall.   (Aesop) Sometimes you have to throw yourself into the fire to escape from the smoke  (Greek Proverb) Times change, and we with them. (Latin Proverb) #5. Provide opportunities that allow for failure Students operate in a culture that is risk-adverse; a culture where failure is not an option. However, research shows that failure is a powerful instructional strategy. Mistakes can be expected as a part of the application and experimentation taxonomy and allowing age-appropriate mistakes can increase confidence and problem solving skills.  Educators need to  embrace the concept that learning is a messy process and use mistakes as part of a discovery process in order to engage students.  Educators also need to provide safe spaces or structured environments for students to take intellectual risks to minimize some mistakes. Allowing for mistakes can give students the satisfaction  of reasoning through a problem and discovering the underlying principle on their own. Experience is the best teacher. (Greek Proverb) The harder you fall, the higher you bounce.  (Chinese Proverb) Men learn little from success, but much from failure.  (Arab Proverb)   Failure is not falling down but refusing to get up. (Chinese Proverb) Failing to plan is planning to fail  (English Proverb) #6.  Value student work Give students the chance to succeed. High standards for student work are fine, but it is important to make those standards clear and give students a chance to discover and meet them.   A man is judged by his work. (Kurdish Proverb) The achievement of all work is practice.  (Welsh Proverb) Remember that the only place where success  comes before work is in a dictionary. (American Proverb) #7. Teach stamina and perseverance Recent research on how the brain works confirms that the brains plasticity means that stamina and perseverance can be learned. Strategies for teaching stamina include repetition and sequencing activities with  increasing difficulty that offer a continual but reasonable challenge. Pray to God but continue to row to the shore.(Russian Proverb) It does not matter how slowly you go so long as you do not stop.  (Confucius) There is no Royal Road to learning.  (Euclid) Though the centipede has one of its legs broken, this does not affect its movement.  (Burmese Proverb) A habit is first a wanderer, then a guest, and finally the boss. (Hungarian Proverb) #8. Track improvement through reflection Students need to track their own leaning through ongoing reflection.  Whatever form the reflection takes, students need the opportunity to make sense of their learning experiences. They need to understand what choices they made, how their work changed, and what helped them learn to track their improvement Self-knowledge is the beginning of self-improvement.(Spanish Proverb) Nothing succeeds like success (French Proverb) Praise the bridge that carried you over. (English Proverb) No one can be an expected to be an expert at something before they have got the chance to practice it.  (Finnish Proverb) In conclusion: Although proverbs were born from Old World thinking, they still reflect the human experience of our students in the 21st Century. Sharing these proverbs with students can be part of making them feel connected, beyond time and place, to others. The messages of proverbs can help students better understand the reasons for the instructional strategies in place that can motivate them towards success.

Handling the difficult employee Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Handling the difficult employee - Research Paper Example Also the responsiveness of the management and the eventual sources of these difficult situations would also be taken into count here. This paper discusses how difficult situations are managed within organizations and what the role of management is to make sure that these are curtailed at all times. It is first and foremost very significant to define what comprise of these difficult situations. When these definitions are given a clear cut go ahead in terms of their understanding, then only one could find out the vital link between the diagnosis and the remedy that comes about in the wake of such difficult situations. Hence these difficult situations are circumstances when it is improbable that the employees are able to complete their jobs in an able way. Also the management discerns that this is indeed a quagmire that it has entered into, and thus there is no other way round which can be brought into the picture that shall solve the difficult situation once and for all (Beer, 2011). H owever, these difficult situations do crop up at the worst possible times and do not have any alternative solutions to rectify the gravity of the problem that has arisen. These could be tussles taking place within an organization amongst the employees or rifts that could mean severe repercussions for the entire organizational harmony. In addition, these could include the day to day cold war scenarios amongst the employees or even with their bosses, and the office related issues which have a great deal of bearing on the eventual allowances, bonuses and other financial aspects that deal with employees’ salaries in essence. In short, there are multitude of problems that need to be corrected and that too within a short amount of time, and there is no other way than to tackle these difficult situations once and for all. This will prove to be a hectic job but then again all Herculean work tasks need to be analyzed properly before they are corrected once and for all. The role of the management in finding out the exact ways and means to take care of such difficult situations is immensely significant. This is because the management is the sole caretaker of the organization and has to decide for its own good what is the best foot forward and how problems need to be proactively gauged and then solutions are determined for the same. If the management has a clear cut policy in hand as to how it will tackle these issues, then it means that the difficult situations would be kept at a safe distance and no problems would come about to give the people and more importantly the management a sort of surprise which they never expected. Then again, there needs to be proper understanding on the different aspects as to what could be remarked as a difficult situation and what is not such a circumstance at all (Brounstein, 1993). The employees are the best possible judges to remark a problem as a difficult one or to discard it altogether. A proactive approach would surely solve q uite a few issues and this will be the basis of success within the management frameworks, all of which would take care of the organizational processes, activities, tasks and work flow areas. On the same token, the sources of these difficult situations are also important to make note of. This is because not

[Political Economy]Draw the view of good community and its purpose by Essay

[Political Economy]Draw the view of good community and its purpose by classical philosopher like Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, and Be - Essay Example The two individuals and their parties hold divergent views and positions on the political economy of the American Nation. This essay will generally view the whole country as one single national community. The paper will analyze and argue the ideas of what is good for the community and review the party and candidate positions in the presidential elections campaigns. The Community and the American Vote In the ongoing political campaigns, both candidates are seeking the votes of various groups. They are seeking the votes of young people, seniors, the wealthy, the middleclass, the poor, professionals, and the jobless, among many different other categories of voters. In wooing the different voters, the candidates and their parties are proposing different policies that they feel will better suit the whole American community while at the same time benefitting some special interest groups. A government's budget is more than a mass of numbers; it reveals a nation's priorities and aspirations. The Obama and Romney budget proposals offer two starkly different visions of America's future, making this election the sharpest contrast between competing economic philosophies since Lyndon Johnson routed Barry Goldwater in 1964. (Blinder) For example, one strategy proposed to achieve the good of the community is President Obama’s Medical Care program that was signed into law in 2010. The law seeks to afford every American citizen universal health care. The Democrats have been in its full support while the Republicans have been critical about it. Obamacare seems to respond to Bentham's theory of Utilitarian rights as explained in his book, Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation. The most common criticism of Obamacare is that it encourages a culture of dependency and undeserved entitlement. Distribution of Power and Wealth for the Good of the Community Morath (2012) aptly captures the differences the two politicians and their parties approach the campaigns and issues affecting the voter. Kevin Hassett, adviser to  Mitt Romney, said the Republican nominee would take a hard line on entitlement spending that would create the â€Å"sigh of relief effect† needed to encourage businesses to expand. Obama adviser  Jeffery Liebman  said the president would spark job growth, and ultimately consumer demand, through targeted spending on infrastructure, schools and public safety. (Morath) Taxation is one area where the two presidential aspirants widely differ in policy. Both parties offer taxation policies that work according to the philosophies of distribution as expounded by Aristotle in his views on distributive justice. â€Å"Yet the true friend of the people should see that they be not too poor, for extreme poverty lowers the character of the democracy; measures therefore should be taken which will give them lasting prosperity.† (Aristotle, Politics, in Sommerville, p.93) Rousseau asserts that the general will is most impo rtantly enforced by the rule of law and is for the good of both the individual and the community. The general will serves first the community of citizens, rather than the rich minority. This seems in line with the taxation proposals by Obama’s team to tax the rich more. The 2012 election seems to represent some contest between the rich and the poor. Gazing beyond the rhetoric, they would notice how unwilling each party really is to cede any